有效的数独.md

题目

请你判断一个 9x9 的数独是否有效。只需要 根据以下规则 ，验证已经填入的数字是否有效即可。

• 数字 1-9 在每一行只能出现一次。
• 数字 1-9 在每一列只能出现一次。
• 数字 1-9 在每一个以粗实线分隔的 3x3 宫内只能出现一次。（请参考示例图） 数独部分空格内已填入了数字，空白格用 '.' 表示。

注意：

一个有效的数独（部分已被填充）不一定是可解的。
只需要根据以上规则，验证已经填入的数字是否有效即可。
 

示例 1：

输入：board = 
[["5","3",".",".","7",".",".",".","."]
,["6",".",".","1","9","5",".",".","."]
,[".","9","8",".",".",".",".","6","."]
,["8",".",".",".","6",".",".",".","3"]
,["4",".",".","8",".","3",".",".","1"]
,["7",".",".",".","2",".",".",".","6"]
,[".","6",".",".",".",".","2","8","."]
,[".",".",".","4","1","9",".",".","5"]
,[".",".",".",".","8",".",".","7","9"]]
输出：true

示例 2：

输入：board = 
[["8","3",".",".","7",".",".",".","."]
,["6",".",".","1","9","5",".",".","."]
,[".","9","8",".",".",".",".","6","."]
,["8",".",".",".","6",".",".",".","3"]
,["4",".",".","8",".","3",".",".","1"]
,["7",".",".",".","2",".",".",".","6"]
,[".","6",".",".",".",".","2","8","."]
,[".",".",".","4","1","9",".",".","5"]
,[".",".",".",".","8",".",".","7","9"]]
输出：false
解释：除了第一行的第一个数字从 5 改为 8 以外，空格内其他数字均与 示例1 相同。 但由于位于左上角的 3x3 宫内有两个 8 存在, 因此这个数独是无效的。

 

提示：

• board.length == 9
• board[i].length == 9
• board[i][j] 是一位数字或者 '.'

参考答案

class Solution {
public:
    bool isValidSudoku(vector<vector<char>>& board) {
        int row[9][10] = {0};// 哈希表存储每一行的每个数是否出现过，默认初始情况下，每一行每一个数都没有出现过
        // 整个board有9行，第二维的维数10是为了让下标有9，和数独中的数字9对应。
        int col[9][10] = {0};// 存储每一列的每个数是否出现过，默认初始情况下，每一列的每一个数都没有出现过
        int box[9][10] = {0};// 存储每一个box的每个数是否出现过，默认初始情况下，在每个box中，每个数都没有出现过。整个board有9个box。
        for(int i=0; i<9; i++){
            for(int j = 0; j<9; j++){
                // 遍历到第i行第j列的那个数,我们要判断这个数在其所在的行有没有出现过，
                // 同时判断这个数在其所在的列有没有出现过
                // 同时判断这个数在其所在的box中有没有出现过
                if(board[i][j] == '.') continue;
                int curNumber = board[i][j]-'0';
                if(row[i][curNumber]) return false; 
                if(col[j][curNumber]) return false;
                if(box[j/3 + (i/3)*3][curNumber]) return false;

                row[i][curNumber] = 1;// 之前都没出现过，现在出现了，就给它置为1，下次再遇见就能够直接返回false了。
                col[j][curNumber] = 1;
                box[j/3 + (i/3)*3][curNumber] = 1;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
};