+Open Source Society University
+Path to a free self-taught education in Computer Science!
-+
+
+
+When attempting to enroll in such a course:
+- Click the blue "Enroll" or "Enroll Now" button.
+- A pop-up will appear.
+- **Do not click** "Start Free Trial", unless you do want to pay.
+- Find the text that says "Audit this course" at the bottom.
+- Click **Audit**.
+
+
+
+### Is it necessary to purchase the Verified Upgrade for edX courses?
+
+If you just want to watch the videos, it is never necessary for any edX course on our curriculum. Note that a number of edX courses only allow students to audit a course for the estimated number of weeks it takes to complete. Students should not begin a course until they are prepared to focus and complete the course.
+
+### What are the alt links?
+
+Sometimes a course is on multiple platforms that are reasonably similar in quality so we have an alt or two linked in case the main one isn't being offered at the time or you prefer the other one. Both are just as good, go with whichever you prefer or whichever is available when you want to take the course.
+
+### Why doesn't the curriculum cover/ignore topic X?
+
+You can read more about our curricular guidelines and the qualifications of the guidelines' authors [here](CURRICULAR_GUIDELINES.md). If you find a topic that is required by our guidelines and is not included in the curriculum, we should make a change! Read more about [contributing to a change](CONTRIBUTING.md).
+
+### Why is the curriculum missing some pre-requisites?
+
+The curriculum assumes two things:
+- You are reasonably fluent in English.
+- You have gotten through a standard high school curriculum that included physics and pre-calculus.
+
+Without these assumptions, the curriculum would be out of control with trying to fill in your knowledge gaps.
+For those who want to study math pre-requisites, read more [here](#how-can-i-review-the-math-prerequisites)
+
+Of course, if you find that the curriculum is missing a pre-requisite for a course that isn't part of a normal high school curriculum, please let us know!
+
+### Why require experience with a sizable project before the Software Engineering courses?
+Software engineering tries to solve the problem of dealing with large programs. Building a sizable program before taking the SE courses will help you understand what SE is trying to solve. We recommend the Jack-to-VM-code compiler project from the nand2tetris course because it's the first project in the curriculum that is complex enough to see value in a SE course. That said, any sizable project will do and can come from outside of the OSSU curriculum. The idea is that you've done some large enough project where the pieces started to feel unmanageable. This experience will expose pain points and lead to a better understanding of SE.
+
+### How can I find a course on a particular subject?
+After completing Core CS, learners are ready to pursue computer science
+topics of their own interest. How can one find a course on a given topic?
+For MOOCs an excellent resource is [Class Central](https://www.classcentral.com/).
+For materials from university courses that are online (but not organized)
+into a MOOC, [awesome-courses](https://github.com/prakhar1989/awesome-courses) and
+[cs-video-courses](https://github.com/Developer-Y/cs-video-courses)
+are good resources. For textbooks, [Goodreads](https://www.goodreads.com/genres/computer-science)
+is a great platform for reader ratings and reviews.
+For learning a particular programming language or framework,
+[see this question](#what-is-a-good-course-to-learn-a-particular-language).
diff --git a/HELP.md b/HELP.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f45250e1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/HELP.md
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Getting help
+## Check the FAQ!
+Please check our [Frequently Asked Questions](FAQ.md) to see if your question has been addressed.
+## Ask in the chat room
+[](https://discord.gg/5pUhfpX) Join the OSSU [Discord server](https://discord.gg/5pUhfpX)! Discord is an online chat service, similar to Slack or IRC where you can chat with other students and get help.
+### Specific problems
+If you need help successfully completing the content of a course or are having general technical difficulties, first reach out to the resources provided by the course (e.g. the course forum on Coursera, edX, etc). If you need additional help after that, post in Discord. **In your post, mention what steps you have already taken to try and solve the problem**.
+### General problems
+If you have general problems with the program not specific to any course, such as preferring textbook-style learning over MOOCs, Discord is a good place to reach out to people who may have great suggestions. You might form a working group that makes the next improvement to OSSU CS! Read more about contributing [here](CONTRIBUTING.md).
diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE
index 05434d246..7c561549d 100644
--- a/LICENSE
+++ b/LICENSE
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
The MIT License (MIT)
-Copyright (c) 2015 Open Source Society
+Copyright (c) 2015-2023 Open Source Society University
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
diff --git a/PROJECTS.md b/PROJECTS.md
deleted file mode 100644
index c779a0253..000000000
--- a/PROJECTS.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,156 +0,0 @@
-# Projects
-
->Here, we are providing a list curated by the community of exercices and projects to practice and reinforce the skills we try to master.
-
-Projects created by OSSU's students for each course of our [**Computer Science**](https://github.com/open-source-society/computer-science) curriculum.
-
-### Introduction to Computer Science
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-Binary Machine | Convert decimal numbers to binary | [Eric Douglas](https://github.com/ericdouglas) | [binary-machine](https://github.com/ericdouglas/binary-machine)
-
-### Math (Mathematical Thinking)
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Program Design
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Math (Calculus and Discrete Math)
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Algorithms
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Programming Paradigms
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Software Testing
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Math (Calculus)
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Software Architecture
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Theory
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Software Engineering
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Math (Probability)
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Computer Architecture
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Operating Systems
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Computer Networks
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Databases
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Cloud Computing
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Math (Linear Algebra)
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Cryptography
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Security
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Compilers
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Parallel Computing
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### UX Design
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Computer Graphics
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Artificial Intelligence
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Machine Learning
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Natural Language Processing
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Big Data
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Data Mining
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
-
-### Internet of Things
-
-Project Title | Description | Author(s) | Repository
-:-- | :-- | :--: | :--
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index c8fe70497..12cf2ffee 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,451 +1,476 @@
-
-
-+
+Path to a free self-taught education in Computer Science!
-+
+
`
-
-**You can create this project alone or with other students!**
-
-#### Project Suggestions
-
-- [Projects](https://github.com/karan/Projects): A list of practical projects that anyone can solve in any programming language.
-- [app-specs](https://github.com/ericdouglas/app-specs): A curated list of applications specifications and implementations to practice new technologies, improve your portfolio and sharpen your skills.
-- [FreeCodeCamp](http://www.freecodecamp.com/): Course that teaches you fullstack JavaScript development through a bunch of projects.
-- [JavaScript Projects](https://github.com/javascript-society/javascript-projects): List of projects related with the [JavaScript Path](https://github.com/javascript-society/javascript-path).
-
-And you should also...
-
-### Be creative!
-
-This is a **crucial** part of your journey through all those courses.
-
-You **need** to have in mind that what you are able to **create** with the concepts that you learned will be your certificate **and this is what really matters**!
-
-In order to show that you **really** learned those things, you need to be **creative**!
-
-Here are some tips about how you can do that:
-
-- **Articles**: create blog posts to synthesize/summarize what you learned.
-- **GitHub repository**: keep your course's files organized in a GH repository, so in that way other students can use it to study with your annotations.
-
-### Cooperative work
-
-**We love cooperative work**! Use our [channels](#community) to communicate with other fellows to combine and create new projects!
-
-### Which programming languages should I use?
-
-My friend, here is the best part of liberty! You can use **any** language that you want to complete the courses.
-
-The **important** thing for each course is to **internalize** the **core concepts** and to be able to use them with whatever tool (programming language) that you wish.
-
-### Content Policy
-
-You must share **only** files that you are **allowed** to! **Do NOT disrespect the code of conduct** that you signed in the beginning of some courses.
-
-[Be creative](#be-creative) in order to show your progress! :smile:
-
-### Stay tuned
-
-[Watch](https://help.github.com/articles/watching-repositories/) this repository for futures improvements and general information.
-
-## Prerequisite
-
-The **only things** that you need to know are how to use **Git** and **GitHub**. Here are some resources to learn about them:
-
-**Note**: Just pick one of the courses below to learn the basics. You will learn a lot more once you get started!
-
-- [Try Git](https://try.github.io/levels/1/challenges/1)
-- [Git - the simple guide](http://rogerdudler.github.io/git-guide/)
-- [GitHub Training & Guides](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLg7s6cbtAD15G8lNyoaYDuKZSKyJrgwB-)
-- [GitHub Hello World](https://guides.github.com/activities/hello-world/)
-- [Git Immersion](http://gitimmersion.com/index.html)
-- [How to Use Git and GitHub](https://www.udacity.com/course/how-to-use-git-and-github--ud775)
-
-## Change Log
-
-**Curriculum Version**: `6.0`
-
-To show **respect** to all of our students, we will keep a [CHANGELOG](CHANGELOG.md) file that contains all the alterations that our curriculum may suffer.
-
-Now we have a **stable** version of the curriculum, which won't change anymore, only in exceptional cases (outdated courses, broken links, etc).
-
-Our students can **trust** in this curriculum because it has been **carefully planned** and covers **all** the **core topics** that a conventional Computer Science course covers.
-
-We also include modern topics, making this course one of the **best options** for those who want to become a Computer Scientist and/or a Software Engineer/Developer.
-
-## How to collaborate
-
-You can [open an issue](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-an-issue/) and give us your suggestions as to how we can improve this guide, or what we can do to improve the learning experience.
-
-You can also [fork this project](https://help.github.com/articles/fork-a-repo/) and send a [pull request](https://help.github.com/articles/using-pull-requests/) to fix any mistakes that you have found.
-
-If you want to suggest a new resource, send a pull request adding such resource to the [extras](https://github.com/open-source-society/computer-science/tree/master/extras) section.
-
-The **extras** section is a place where all of us will be able to submit interesting additional articles, books, courses and specializations, keeping our curriculum *as immutable and concise as possible*.
-
-**Let's do it together! :smile:**
-
-## Community
-
-Subscribe to [/r/opensourcesociety](https://www.reddit.com/r/opensourcesociety/)!
+---
-Join us in our [group](https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/open-source-society-university)!
+## Prerequisites
-You can also interact through [GitHub issues](https://github.com/open-source-society/computer-science/issues).
+- [Core CS](#core-cs) assumes the student has already taken [high school math](https://github.com/ossu/computer-science/blob/master/FAQ.md#how-can-i-review-the-math-prerequisites), including algebra, geometry, and pre-calculus.
+- [Advanced CS](#advanced-cs) assumes the student has already taken the entirety of Core CS
+and is knowledgeable enough now to decide which electives to take.
+- Note that [Advanced systems](#advanced-systems) assumes the student has taken a basic physics course (e.g. AP Physics in high school).
-We also have a chat room! [](https://gitter.im/open-source-society/computer-science?utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_source=badge)
+## Intro CS
-Add **Open Source Society University** to your [Facebook](https://www.facebook.com/ossuniversity) profile!
+### Introduction to Programming
-> **ps**: A forum is an ideal way to interact with other students as we do not lose important discussions, which usually occur in communication via chat apps. **Please use our subreddit/group for important discussions**.
+If you've never written a for-loop, or don't know what a string is in programming, start here. This course is self-paced, allowing you to adjust the number of hours you spend per week to meet your needs.
-## Team
+**Topics covered**:
+`simple programs`
+`simple data structures`
-* **Curriculum Founder**: [Eric Douglas](https://github.com/ericdouglas)
-* **Curriculum Maintainer**: [Eric Douglas](https://github.com/ericdouglas)
-* **Contributors**: [contributors](https://github.com/open-source-society/computer-science/graphs/contributors)
+Courses | Duration | Effort | Prerequisites | Discussion
+:-- | :--: | :--: | :--: | :--:
+[Introduction to programming](coursepages/intro-programming/README.md) | 10 weeks | 10 hours/week | none | [chat](https://discord.gg/syA242Z)
-## References
+### Introduction to Computer Science
-- [Google - Guide for Technical Development](https://www.google.com/about/careers/students/guide-to-technical-development.html)
-- [Coursera](https://www.coursera.org/)
-- [edX](https://www.edx.org)
-- [Udacity](https://www.udacity.com/)
-- [Future Learn](https://www.futurelearn.com/)
-- [Stanford University](https://lagunita.stanford.edu/)
-- [MIT Open Courseware](http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/#electrical-engineering-and-computer-science)
-- [Obtaining a Thorough CS Background Online](http://spin.atomicobject.com/2015/05/15/obtaining-thorough-cs-background-online/)
+This course will introduce you to the world of computer science. Students who have been introduced to programming, either from the courses above or through study elsewhere, should take this course for a flavor of the material to come. If you finish the course wanting more, Computer Science is likely for you!
+
+**Topics covered**:
+`computation`
+`imperative programming`
+`basic data structures and algorithms`
+`and more`
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort | Prerequisites | Discussion
+:-- | :--: | :--: | :--: | :--:
+[Introduction to Computer Science and Programming using Python](coursepages/intro-cs/README.md) | 9 weeks | 15 hours/week | [high school algebra](https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra-home) | [chat](https://discord.gg/jvchSm9)
+
+## Core CS
+
+All coursework under Core CS is **required**, unless otherwise indicated.
+
+### Core programming
+**Topics covered**:
+`functional programming`
+`design for testing`
+`program requirements`
+`common design patterns`
+`unit testing`
+`object-oriented design`
+`static typing`
+`dynamic typing`
+`ML-family languages (via Standard ML)`
+`Lisp-family languages (via Racket)`
+`Ruby`
+`and more`
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort | Prerequisites | Discussion
+:-- | :--: | :--: | :--: | :--:
+[Systematic Program Design](coursepages/spd/README.md) | 13 weeks | 8-10 hours/week | none | chat: [part 1](https://discord.gg/RfqAmGJ) / [part 2](https://discord.gg/kczJzpm)
+[Programming Languages, Part A](https://www.coursera.org/learn/programming-languages) | 5 weeks | 4-8 hours/week | Systematic Program Design ([Hear instructor](https://www.coursera.org/lecture/programming-languages/recommended-background-k1yuh)) | [chat](https://discord.gg/8BkJtXN)
+[Programming Languages, Part B](https://www.coursera.org/learn/programming-languages-part-b) | 3 weeks | 4-8 hours/week | Programming Languages, Part A | [chat](https://discord.gg/EeA7VR9)
+[Programming Languages, Part C](https://www.coursera.org/learn/programming-languages-part-c) | 3 weeks | 4-8 hours/week | Programming Languages, Part B | [chat](https://discord.gg/8EZUVbA)
+[Object-Oriented Design](https://www.coursera.org/learn/object-oriented-design) | 4 weeks | 4 hours/week | [Basic Java](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GoXwIVyNvX0) | [chat](https://discord.com/channels/744385009028431943/891411727294562314)
+[Design Patterns](https://www.coursera.org/learn/design-patterns) | 4 weeks | 4 hours/week | Object-Oriented Design | [chat](https://discord.com/channels/744385009028431943/891412022120579103)
+[Software Architecture](https://www.coursera.org/learn/software-architecture) | 4 weeks | 2-5 hours/week | Design Patterns | [chat](https://discord.com/channels/744385009028431943/891412169638432788)
+
+### Core math
+Discrete math (Math for CS) is a prerequisite and closely related to the study of algorithms and data structures. Calculus both prepares students for discrete math and helps students develop mathematical maturity.
+
+**Topics covered**:
+`discrete mathematics`
+`mathematical proofs`
+`basic statistics`
+`O-notation`
+`discrete probability`
+`and more`
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort | Notes | Prerequisites | Discussion
+:-- | :--: | :--: | :--: | :--: | :--:
+[Calculus 1A: Differentiation](https://openlearninglibrary.mit.edu/courses/course-v1:MITx+18.01.1x+2T2019/about) ([alternative](https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-01sc-single-variable-calculus-fall-2010/index.htm)) | 13 weeks | 6-10 hours/week | The alternate covers this and the following 2 courses | [high school math](FAQ.md#how-can-i-review-the-math-prerequisites) | [chat](https://discord.gg/mPCt45F)
+[Calculus 1B: Integration](https://openlearninglibrary.mit.edu/courses/course-v1:MITx+18.01.2x+3T2019/about) | 13 weeks | 5-10 hours/week | - | Calculus 1A | [chat](https://discord.gg/sddAsZg)
+[Calculus 1C: Coordinate Systems & Infinite Series](https://openlearninglibrary.mit.edu/courses/course-v1:MITx+18.01.3x+1T2020/about) | 6 weeks | 5-10 hours/week | - | Calculus 1B | [chat](https://discord.gg/FNEcNNq)
+[Mathematics for Computer Science](https://openlearninglibrary.mit.edu/courses/course-v1:OCW+6.042J+2T2019/about) ([alternative](https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/6-042j-mathematics-for-computer-science-fall-2010/)) | 13 weeks | 5 hours/week | [2015/2019 solutions](https://github.com/spamegg1/Math-for-CS-solutions) [2010 solutions](https://github.com/frevib/mit-cs-math-6042-fall-2010-problems) [2005 solutions](https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-042j-mathematics-for-computer-science-fall-2005/assignments/). | Calculus 1C | [chat](https://discord.gg/EuTzNbF)
+
+
+### CS Tools
+Understanding theory is important, but you will also be expected to create programs. There are a number of tools that are widely used to make that process easier. Learn them now to ease your future work writing programs.
+
+**Topics covered**:
+`terminals and shell scripting`
+`vim`
+`command line environments`
+`version control`
+`and more`
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort | Prerequisites | Discussion
+:-- | :--: | :--: | :--: | :--:
+[The Missing Semester of Your CS Education](https://missing.csail.mit.edu/) | 2 weeks | 12 hours/week | - | [chat](https://discord.gg/5FvKycS)
+
+### Core systems
+
+**Topics covered**:
+`procedural programming`
+`manual memory management`
+`boolean algebra`
+`gate logic`
+`memory`
+`computer architecture`
+`assembly`
+`machine language`
+`virtual machines`
+`high-level languages`
+`compilers`
+`operating systems`
+`network protocols`
+`and more`
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort | Additional Text / Assignments| Prerequisites | Discussion
+:-- | :--: | :--: | :--: | :--: | :--:
+[Build a Modern Computer from First Principles: From Nand to Tetris](https://www.coursera.org/learn/build-a-computer) ([alternative](https://www.nand2tetris.org/)) | 6 weeks | 7-13 hours/week | - | C-like programming language | [chat](https://discord.gg/vxB2DRV)
+[Build a Modern Computer from First Principles: Nand to Tetris Part II ](https://www.coursera.org/learn/nand2tetris2) | 6 weeks | 12-18 hours/week | - | one of [these programming languages](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/2046800/35426340-f6ce6358-026a-11e8-8bbb-4e95ac36b1d7.png), From Nand to Tetris Part I | [chat](https://discord.gg/AsUXcPu)
+[Operating Systems: Three Easy Pieces](coursepages/ostep/README.md) | 10-12 weeks | 6-10 hours/week | - | Nand to Tetris Part II | [chat](https://discord.gg/wZNgpep)
+[Computer Networking: a Top-Down Approach](http://gaia.cs.umass.edu/kurose_ross/online_lectures.htm)| 8 weeks | 4–12 hours/week | [Wireshark Labs](http://gaia.cs.umass.edu/kurose_ross/wireshark.php) | algebra, probability, basic CS | [chat](https://discord.gg/MJ9YXyV)
+
+### Core theory
+
+**Topics covered**:
+`divide and conquer`
+`sorting and searching`
+`randomized algorithms`
+`graph search`
+`shortest paths`
+`data structures`
+`greedy algorithms`
+`minimum spanning trees`
+`dynamic programming`
+`NP-completeness`
+`and more`
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort | Prerequisites | Discussion
+:-- | :--: | :--: | :--: | :--:
+[Divide and Conquer, Sorting and Searching, and Randomized Algorithms](https://www.coursera.org/learn/algorithms-divide-conquer) | 4 weeks | 4-8 hours/week | any programming language, Mathematics for Computer Science | [chat](https://discord.gg/mKRS7tY)
+[Graph Search, Shortest Paths, and Data Structures](https://www.coursera.org/learn/algorithms-graphs-data-structures) | 4 weeks | 4-8 hours/week | Divide and Conquer, Sorting and Searching, and Randomized Algorithms | [chat](https://discord.gg/Qstqe4t)
+[Greedy Algorithms, Minimum Spanning Trees, and Dynamic Programming](https://www.coursera.org/learn/algorithms-greedy) | 4 weeks | 4-8 hours/week | Graph Search, Shortest Paths, and Data Structures | [chat](https://discord.gg/dWVvjuz)
+[Shortest Paths Revisited, NP-Complete Problems and What To Do About Them](https://www.coursera.org/learn/algorithms-npcomplete) | 4 weeks | 4-8 hours/week | Greedy Algorithms, Minimum Spanning Trees, and Dynamic Programming | [chat](https://discord.gg/dYuY78u)
+
+### Core security
+**Topics covered**
+`Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability`
+`Secure Design`
+`Defensive Programming`
+`Threats and Attacks`
+`Network Security`
+`Cryptography`
+`and more`
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort | Prerequisites | Discussion
+:-- | :--: | :--: | :--: | :--:
+[Cybersecurity Fundamentals](https://www.edx.org/course/cybersecurity-fundamentals) | 8 weeks | 10-12 hours/week | - | [chat](https://discord.gg/XdY3AwTFK4)
+[Principles of Secure Coding](https://www.coursera.org/learn/secure-coding-principles)| 4 weeks | 4 hours/week | - | [chat](https://discord.gg/5gMdeSK)
+[Identifying Security Vulnerabilities](https://www.coursera.org/learn/identifying-security-vulnerabilities) | 4 weeks | 4 hours/week | - | [chat](https://discord.gg/V78MjUS)
+
+Choose **one** of the following:
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort | Prerequisites | Discussion
+:-- | :--: | :--: | :--: | :--:
+[Identifying Security Vulnerabilities in C/C++Programming](https://www.coursera.org/learn/identifying-security-vulnerabilities-c-programming) | 4 weeks | 5 hours/week | - | [chat](https://discord.gg/Vbxce7A)
+[Exploiting and Securing Vulnerabilities in Java Applications](https://www.coursera.org/learn/exploiting-securing-vulnerabilities-java-applications) | 4 weeks | 5 hours/week | - | [chat](https://discord.gg/QxC22rR)
+
+### Core applications
+
+**Topics covered**:
+`Agile methodology`
+`REST`
+`software specifications`
+`refactoring`
+`relational databases`
+`transaction processing`
+`data modeling`
+`neural networks`
+`supervised learning`
+`unsupervised learning`
+`OpenGL`
+`ray tracing`
+`and more`
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort | Prerequisites | Discussion
+:-- | :--: | :--: | :--: | :--:
+[Databases: Modeling and Theory](https://www.edx.org/course/modeling-and-theory)| 2 weeks | 10 hours/week | core programming | [chat](https://discord.gg/pMFqNf4)
+[Databases: Relational Databases and SQL](https://www.edx.org/course/databases-5-sql)| 2 weeks | 10 hours/week | core programming | [chat](https://discord.gg/P8SPPyF)
+[Databases: Semistructured Data](https://www.edx.org/course/semistructured-data)| 2 weeks | 10 hours/week | core programming | [chat](https://discord.gg/duCJ3GN)
+[Machine Learning](https://www.coursera.org/specializations/machine-learning-introduction)| 11 weeks | 9 hours/week | Basic coding | [chat](https://discord.gg/NcXHDjy)
+[Computer Graphics](https://www.edx.org/course/computer-graphics-2) ([alternative](https://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~viscomp/classes/cse167/wi22/schedule.html))| 6 weeks | 12 hours/week | C++ or Java, linear algebra | [chat](https://discord.gg/68WqMNV)
+[Software Engineering: Introduction](https://www.coursera.org/learn/introduction-to-software-engineering) | 4 weeks | 8-10 hours/week | Core Programming, and a [sizable project](FAQ.md#why-require-experience-with-a-sizable-project-before-the-Software-Engineering-courses) | [chat](https://discord.gg/5Qtcwtz)
+
+### Core ethics
+
+**Topics covered**:
+`Social Context`
+`Analytical Tools`
+`Professional Ethics`
+`Intellectual Property`
+`Privacy and Civil Liberties`
+`and more`
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort | Prerequisites | Discussion
+:-- | :--: | :--: | :--: | :--:
+[Ethics, Technology and Engineering](https://www.coursera.org/learn/ethics-technology-engineering)| 9 weeks | 2 hours/week | none | [chat](https://discord.gg/6ttjPmzZbe)
+[Introduction to Intellectual Property](https://www.coursera.org/learn/introduction-intellectual-property)| 4 weeks | 2 hours/week | none | [chat](https://discord.gg/YbuERswpAK)
+[Data Privacy Fundamentals](https://www.coursera.org/learn/northeastern-data-privacy)| 3 weeks | 3 hours/week | none | [chat](https://discord.gg/64J34ajNBd)
+
+## Advanced CS
+
+After completing **every required course** in Core CS, students should choose a subset of courses from Advanced CS based on interest.
+Not every course from a subcategory needs to be taken.
+But students should take *every* course that is relevant to the field they intend to go into.
+
+### Advanced programming
+
+**Topics covered**:
+`debugging theory and practice`
+`goal-oriented programming`
+`parallel computing`
+`object-oriented analysis and design`
+`UML`
+`large-scale software architecture and design`
+`and more`
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort | Prerequisites
+:-- | :--: | :--: | :--:
+[Parallel Programming](https://www.coursera.org/learn/scala-parallel-programming)| 4 weeks | 6-8 hours/week | Scala programming
+[Compilers](https://www.edx.org/course/compilers) | 9 weeks | 6-8 hours/week | none
+[Introduction to Haskell](https://www.seas.upenn.edu/~cis194/fall16/)| 14 weeks | - | -
+[Learn Prolog Now!](https://www.let.rug.nl/bos/lpn//lpnpage.php?pageid=online) ([alternative](https://github.com/ossu/computer-science/files/6085884/lpn.pdf))*| 12 weeks | - | -
+[Software Debugging](https://www.udacity.com/course/software-debugging--cs259)| 8 weeks | 6 hours/week | Python, object-oriented programming
+[Software Testing](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLAwxTw4SYaPkWVHeC_8aSIbSxE_NXI76g) | 4 weeks | 6 hours/week | Python, programming experience
+
+(*) book by Blackburn, Bos, Striegnitz (compiled from [source](https://github.com/LearnPrologNow/lpn), redistributed under [CC license](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/))
+
+### Advanced systems
+
+**Topics covered**:
+`digital signaling`
+`combinational logic`
+`CMOS technologies`
+`sequential logic`
+`finite state machines`
+`processor instruction sets`
+`caches`
+`pipelining`
+`virtualization`
+`parallel processing`
+`virtual memory`
+`synchronization primitives`
+`system call interface`
+`and more`
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort | Prerequisites | Notes
+:-- | :--: | :--: | :--: | :--:
+[Computation Structures 1: Digital Circuits](https://learning.edx.org/course/course-v1:MITx+6.004.1x_3+3T2016) [alternative 1](https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/6-004-computation-structures-spring-2017/) [alternative 2](https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/6-004-computation-structures-spring-2009/) | 10 weeks | 6 hours/week | [Nand2Tetris II](https://www.coursera.org/learn/nand2tetris2) | Alternate links contain all 3 courses.
+[Computation Structures 2: Computer Architecture](https://learning.edx.org/course/course-v1:MITx+6.004.2x+3T2015) | 10 weeks | 6 hours/week | Computation Structures 1 |
+[Computation Structures 3: Computer Organization](https://learning.edx.org/course/course-v1:MITx+6.004.3x_2+1T2017) | 10 weeks | 6 hours/week | Computation Structures 2 |
+
+### Advanced theory
+
+**Topics covered**:
+`formal languages`
+`Turing machines`
+`computability`
+`event-driven concurrency`
+`automata`
+`distributed shared memory`
+`consensus algorithms`
+`state machine replication`
+`computational geometry theory`
+`propositional logic`
+`relational logic`
+`Herbrand logic`
+`game trees`
+`and more`
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort | Prerequisites
+:-- | :--: | :--: | :--:
+[Theory of Computation](https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/18-404j-theory-of-computation-fall-2020/) ([alternative](http://aduni.org/courses/theory/index.php?view=cw)) | 13 weeks | 10 hours/week | [Mathematics for Computer Science](https://openlearninglibrary.mit.edu/courses/course-v1:OCW+6.042J+2T2019/about), logic, algorithms
+[Computational Geometry](https://www.edx.org/course/computational-geometry) | 16 weeks | 8 hours/week | algorithms, C++
+[Game Theory](https://www.coursera.org/learn/game-theory-1) | 8 weeks | 3 hours/week | mathematical thinking, probability, calculus
+
+### Advanced Information Security
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort | Prerequisites
+:-- | :--: | :--: | :--:
+[Web Security Fundamentals](https://www.edx.org/course/web-security-fundamentals) | 5 weeks | 4-6 hours/week | understanding basic web technologies
+[Security Governance & Compliance](https://www.coursera.org/learn/security-governance-compliance) | 3 weeks | 3 hours/week | -
+[Digital Forensics Concepts](https://www.coursera.org/learn/digital-forensics-concepts) | 3 weeks | 2-3 hours/week | Core Security
+[Secure Software Development: Requirements, Design, and Reuse](https://www.edx.org/course/secure-software-development-requirements-design-and-reuse) | 7 weeks | 1-2 hours/week | Core Programming and Core Security
+[Secure Software Development: Implementation](https://www.edx.org/course/secure-software-development-implementation) | 7 weeks | 1-2 hours/week | Secure Software Development: Requirements, Design, and Reuse
+[Secure Software Development: Verification and More Specialized Topics](https://www.edx.org/course/secure-software-development-verification-and-more-specialized-topics) | 7 weeks | 1-2 hours/week | Secure Software Development: Implementation
+
+### Advanced math
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort | Prerequisites | Discussion
+:-- | :--: | :--: | :--: | :--:
+[Essence of Linear Algebra](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZHQObOWTQDPD3MizzM2xVFitgF8hE_ab) | - | - | [high school math](FAQ.md#how-can-i-review-the-math-prerequisites) | [chat](https://discord.gg/m6wHbP6)
+[Linear Algebra](https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-06sc-linear-algebra-fall-2011/) | 14 weeks | 12 hours/week | corequisite: Essence of Linear Algebra | [chat](https://discord.gg/k7nSWJH)
+[Introduction to Numerical Methods](https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-335j-introduction-to-numerical-methods-spring-2019/index.htm)| 14 weeks | 12 hours/week | [Linear Algebra](https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-06sc-linear-algebra-fall-2011/) | [chat](https://discord.gg/FNEcNNq)
+[Introduction to Formal Logic](https://forallx.openlogicproject.org/) | 10 weeks | 4-8 hours/week | [Set Theory](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL5KkMZvBpo5AH_5GpxMiryJT6Dkj32H6N) | [chat](https://discord.gg/MbM2Gg5)
+[Probability](https://projects.iq.harvard.edu/stat110/home) | 15 weeks | 5-10 hours/week | [Differentiation and Integration](https://www.edx.org/course/calculus-1b-integration) | [chat](https://discord.gg/UVjs9BU)
+
+## Final project
+
+Part of learning is doing.
+The assignments and exams for each course are to prepare you to use your knowledge to solve real-world problems.
+
+After you've completed Core CS and the parts of Advanced CS relevant to you,
+you should identify a problem that you can solve using the knowledge you've acquired.
+You can create something entirely new, or you can improve some tool/program that you use and wish were better.
+
+Students who would like more guidance in creating a project may choose to use a series of project oriented courses.
+Here is a sample of options
+(many more are available, at this point you should be capable of identifying a series that is interesting and relevant to you):
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort | Prerequisites
+:-- | :--: | :--: | :--:
+[Fullstack Open](https://fullstackopen.com/en/) | 12 weeks | 15 hours/week | programming
+[Modern Robotics (Specialization)](https://www.coursera.org/specializations/modernrobotics) | 26 weeks | 2-5 hours/week | freshman-level physics, linear algebra, calculus, [linear ordinary differential equations](https://www.khanacademy.org/math/differential-equations)
+[Data Mining (Specialization)](https://www.coursera.org/specializations/data-mining) | 30 weeks | 2-5 hours/week | machine learning
+[Big Data (Specialization)](https://www.coursera.org/specializations/big-data) | 30 weeks | 3-5 hours/week | none
+[Internet of Things (Specialization)](https://www.coursera.org/specializations/internet-of-things) | 30 weeks | 1-5 hours/week | strong programming
+[Cloud Computing (Specialization)](https://www.coursera.org/specializations/cloud-computing) | 30 weeks | 2-6 hours/week | C++ programming
+[Data Science (Specialization)](https://www.coursera.org/specializations/jhu-data-science) | 43 weeks | 1-6 hours/week | none
+[Functional Programming in Scala (Specialization)](https://www.coursera.org/specializations/scala) | 29 weeks | 4-5 hours/week | One year programming experience
+[Game Design and Development with Unity 2020 (Specialization)](https://www.coursera.org/specializations/game-design-and-development) | 6 months | 5 hours/week | programming, interactive design
+
+## Congratulations
+
+After completing the requirements of the curriculum above,
+you will have completed the equivalent of a full bachelor's degree in Computer Science.
+Congratulations!
+
+What is next for you? The possibilities are boundless and overlapping:
+
+- Look for a job as a developer!
+- Check out the [readings](extras/readings.md) for classic books you can read that will sharpen your skills and expand your knowledge.
+- Join a local developer meetup (e.g. via [meetup.com](https://www.meetup.com/)).
+- Pay attention to emerging technologies in the world of software development:
+ + Explore the **actor model** through [Elixir](https://elixir-lang.org/), a new functional programming language for the web based on the battle-tested Erlang Virtual Machine!
+ + Explore **borrowing and lifetimes** through [Rust](https://www.rust-lang.org/), a systems language which achieves memory- and thread-safety without a garbage collector!
+ + Explore **dependent type systems** through [Idris](https://www.idris-lang.org/), a new Haskell-inspired language with unprecedented support for type-driven development.
+
+
+
+# Code of conduct
+[OSSU's code of conduct](https://github.com/ossu/code-of-conduct).
+
+## How to show your progress
+
+[Fork](https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/how-to-fork-a-github-repository/) the [GitHub repo](https://github.com/ossu/computer-science) into your own GitHub account and put ✅ next to the stuff you've completed as you complete it. This can serve as your [kanban board](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanban_board) and will be faster to implement than any other solution (giving you time to spend on the courses).
+
+# Team
+
+* **[Eric Douglas](https://github.com/ericdouglas)**: founder of OSSU
+* **[Josh Hanson](https://github.com/joshmhanson)**: lead technical maintainer
+* **[Waciuma Wanjohi](https://github.com/waciumawanjohi)**: lead academic maintainer
+* **[Contributors](https://github.com/ossu/computer-science/graphs/contributors)**
diff --git a/coursepages/intro-cs/README.md b/coursepages/intro-cs/README.md
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+# Introduction to Computer Science
+
+This course will introduce you to the world of computer science. Students who have been introduced to programming, either from the courses above or through study elsewhere, should take this course for a flavor of the material to come. If you finish the course wanting more, Computer Science is likely for you!
+
+This course has been developed by MIT and is available from three different places. We recommend you to do it from the archived version on Edx.
+
+> 6.0001 Introduction to Computer Science and Programming in Python is intended for students with little or no programming experience. It aims to provide students with an understanding of the role computation can play in solving problems and to help students, regardless of their major, feel justifiably confident of their ability to write small programs that allow them to accomplish useful goals. The class uses the Python 3.5 programming language.
+
+**Course Link:** 
+
+- You can enable automatic closing of parentheses, brackets, and quotes. Click on Edit in the Menu Bar > Preferences > Go to Editing Tab > Go to General Editing Sub-tab > Check the "Enable automatic parentheses, square brackets, and quotes" checkbox.
+
+
+
+## FAQ
+
+### This course is boring. Can I skip it?
+
+**No.** This course may seem boring at first, but we suggest working though it. This is a great course, and it will probably change the way you think. Many students who found this course boring at first became a fan of the course by the time they completed it. Be very careful. The early parts (especially the rules about how evaluation works) plays a huge role in understanding how code works and gets executed for the rest of the course.
+
+### Why is this course taught using BSL? Would it not make more sense to teach it in an industry standard language?
+
+This is an intentional choice, and here's why:
+
+1. Lisp is the lingua franca of computer scientists -- by which we mean, PhD algorithm researchers. There are some good and some merely historical reasons for this, but it's a fact of life, so if you want to read white papers you're going to want to read Lisp. BSL is a good introduction, and frankly once you get over the parenthesis hell and once you know any Lisp you know how to read them all.
+
+2. This is the first computer science course in most people's curricula that isn't centered around teaching you how to use a language. Because the point of computer science isn't to teach you a language. Or to teach you to code. Or to teach you to be a fullstack software engineer. Computer Science is a very narrowly-applied applied math with wide-ranging practical usage. But if you strip away all the qualifying language, it's math. Which means it has certain overarching rules that are completely, totally independent of your implementation language.
+
+This course is built in a throwaway student language, specifically so you don't focus on the language and instead focus on what you're doing with the language. We don't care about public static void main or PEP8 style. We want to see ways to structure a program in any language. So we focus not on the things that make Java unique, and not on the things that make Python unique, and instead focus on the things that make code better.
+
+It might seem rough to learn a new language just to take this course, but BSL frees you from having to worry about style linting or runtime issues or code compartmentalization or compiling or coding environment. It's a gift. Take it. The design patterns are hard enough.
+
+### Why there are different course versions, HTC, SPD? Why do you recommend the archived version?
+
+There are two reasons people do these courses:
+
+- The Knowledge
+- The Certificate
+
+OSSU assumes you're in it for the knowledge. You can have that for free. If you're doing it for the knowledge you don't need to submit your homework. You just need to do the homework.
+
+If you want the recognition that you've done the thing, then you're in it for the certificate. You can't have the certificate for free. You have to pay for that.
+
+There's no reason for you to submit homework sets unless you're doing it for the certificate -- If you're doing that, you can't actually get a certificate from the SPD course (because the course is expired) so you're in the wrong place.
+
+If you want a certificate, then you need to take How To Code and you need to pay for it.
+
+But you don't need to pay for anything in OSSU. We suggest you take SPD because the access to the information is better (because the course is expired) and it's more than sufficient for obtaining the knowledge.
+
+TL;DR:
+
+ If you're in it for the knowledge, take SPD -- it's free but inactive
+ If you're in it for the certificate, take and pay for How To Code -- it's still an active course
+
+### Can I do this course is another programming language?
+
+This course has really integrated with the programming languages it uses. We suggest you to use the language specified by the course. While, the concepts you learn from this course are applicable anywhere, trying to do the course with another language is not really sensible, and would just lead to wastage of time.
+
+### Can I use another IDE? I don't like Dr. Racket.
+
+The programs in this course embed pictures and rich-text blocks in the code, which means, the files cannot be opened by other IDEs. While it is possible to prepare the starter files for use with other IDEs, you need Dr. Racket for that, and the time needed to do that can be better utilized in learning the concepts taught by the course.
+
+### How do I test functions which are supposed to output random values?
+
+You can use `check-random` to test those functions. You can [learn more about it here](https://docs.racket-lang.org/htdp-langs/beginner-abbr.html#(form._((lib._lang%2Fhtdp-beginner-abbr..rkt)._check-random))). It is needed for the Space Invaders project.
+
+## Credits
+
+The problem starter files and the space invaders instructions were taken from the course ["Systematic Program Design" on Edx](https://learning.edx.org/course/course-v1:UBCx+SPD1x+2T2015), licensed under [CC BY-NC-SA](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) license.
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-# Computer Science - Extra Resources
-
-## Articles
-
-- [Introduction to Computer Science](#introduction-to-computer-science)
-- [Math (Mathematical Thinking)](#math-mathematical-thinking)
-- [Program Design](#program-design)
-- [Math (Discrete Math)](#math-discrete-math)
-- [Algorithms](#algorithms)
-- [Programming Paradigms](#programming-paradigms)
-- [Software Testing](#software-testing)
-- [Math (Calculus)](#math-calculus)
-- [Software Architecture](#software-architecture)
-- [Theory](#theory)
-- [Software Engineering](#software-engineering)
-- [Math (Probability)](#math-probability)
-- [Computer Architecture](#computer-architecture)
-- [Operating Systems](#operating-systems)
-- [Computer Networks](#computer-networks)
-- [Databases](#databases)
-- [Cloud Computing](#cloud-computing)
-- [Math (Linear Algebra)](#math-linear-algebra)
-- [Cryptography](#cryptography)
-- [Security](#security)
-- [Compilers](#compilers)
-- [Parallel Computing](#parallel-computing)
-- [UX Design](#ux-design)
-- [Computer Graphics](#computer-graphics)
-- [Artificial Intelligence](#artificial-intelligence)
-- [Machine Learning](#machine-learning)
-- [Natural Language Processing](#natural-language-processing)
-- [Big Data](#big-data)
-- [Data Mining](#data-mining)
-- [Internet of Things](#internet-of-things)
-
----
-
-### Introduction to Computer Science
-
-### Math (Mathematical Thinking)
-
-### Program Design
-
-### Math (Discrete Math)
-
-### Algorithms
-
-### Programming Paradigms
-
-### Software Testing
-
-### Math (Calculus)
-
-### Software Architecture
-
-### Theory
-
-### Software Engineering
-
-### Math (Probability)
-
-### Computer Architecture
-
-### Operating Systems
-
-### Computer Networks
-
-### Databases
-
-### Cloud Computing
-
-### Math (Linear Algebra)
-
-### Cryptography
-
-### Security
-
-### Compilers
-
-### Parallel Computing
-
-### UX Design
-
-### Computer Graphics
-
-### Artificial Intelligence
-
-### Machine Learning
-
-### Natural Language Processing
-
-### Big Data
-
-### Data Mining
-
-### Internet of Things
diff --git a/extras/courses.md b/extras/courses.md
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+# Computer Science - Great Courses
+
+This is a list of high-quality courses that, for one reason or another, didn't make it into the curriculum.
+The most common reasons are that the course isn't available often enough,
+or that there was an alternative that fit better into the curriculum.
+
+## Programming
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort
+:-- | :--: | :--:
+[Introduction to Computational Thinking and Data Science](https://www.edx.org/course/introduction-computational-thinking-data-mitx-6-00-2x-2#!)([alt](https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-0002-introduction-to-computational-thinking-and-data-science-fall-2016/))| 10 weeks | 15 hours/week
+[Introduction to Computer Science - CS50](https://www.edx.org/course/introduction-computer-science-harvardx-cs50x#!) ([alt](https://cs50.harvard.edu/x/)) | 12 weeks | 10-20 hours/week
+[Introduction to Computer Science (Udacity)](https://www.udacity.com/course/intro-to-computer-science--cs101)| 7 weeks | 10-20 hours/week
+[An Introduction to Interactive Programming in Python (Part 1)](https://www.coursera.org/learn/interactive-python-1)| 5 weeks | -
+[An Introduction to Interactive Programming in Python (Part 2)](https://www.coursera.org/learn/interactive-python-2)| - | -
+[Computing In Python, Part I: Fundamentals and Procedural Programming](https://www.edx.org/course/computing-in-python-i-fundamentals-and-procedural-programming-0) | 5 weeks | 10 hours/week
+[Computing In Python, Part II: Control Structures](https://www.edx.org/course/computing-in-python-ii-control-structures-0) | 5 weeks | 10 hours/week
+[Computing In Python, Part III: Data Structures](https://www.edx.org/course/computing-in-python-iii-data-structures-0) | 5 weeks | 10 hours/week
+[Computing In Python, Part IV: Objects & Algorithms](https://www.edx.org/course/computing-in-python-iv-objects-algorithms-0) | 5 weeks | 10 hours/week
+[Programming Basics](https://www.edx.org/course/programming-basics-iitbombayx-cs101-1x)| 9 weeks | 8 hours/week
+[Object-Oriented Programming with Java](https://java-programming.mooc.fi/)| 14 weeks | 10 hours/week
+[Introduction to Programming with MATLAB](https://www.coursera.org/learn/matlab)| - | -
+[Introduction to Functional Programming](https://www.edx.org/course/introduction-functional-programming-delftx-fp101x-0)| 7 weeks | 4-6 hours/week
+[The Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs (2022, Python)](http://cs61a.org/) | - | -
+[The Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs (2011, Scheme)](https://romanbird.github.io/sicp/) | - | -
+[Introduction to Haskell](https://www.seas.upenn.edu/~cis194/fall16/) | 14 weeks | 4 hours/week
+
+## Math
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort
+:-- | :--: | :--:
+[Effective Thinking Through Mathematics](https://www.edx.org/course/effective-thinking-through-mathematics-2) | 4 weeks | 2 hours/week
+[Introduction to Mathematical Thinking](https://www.coursera.org/learn/mathematical-thinking) | 10 weeks | 10 hours/week
+[High School Math](https://www.khanacademy.org/math/high-school-math) | - | -
+[Precalculus](https://www.futurelearn.com/courses/precalculus) | 5 weeks | 6 hours/week
+[Advanced Precalculus](https://www.futurelearn.com/courses/advanced-precalculus) | 4 weeks | 5 hours/week
+[Calculus Applied!](https://www.edx.org/course/calculus-applied) | 10 Weeks | 6hours/week
+[Introduction to Probability and Data](https://www.coursera.org/learn/probability-intro)| - | -
+[Linear Algebra (Strang)](https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-06-linear-algebra-spring-2010/index.htm) | - | -
+[Introduction to Computational Thinking](https://computationalthinking.mit.edu/Spring21/#introduction_to_computational_thinking) | - | -
+[Multivariable Calculus](https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-02sc-multivariable-calculus-fall-2010/index.htm) | 13 weeks | 12 hours/week
+[Introduction to Probability - The Science of Uncertainty](https://www.edx.org/course/introduction-probability-science-mitx-6-041x-2) | 18 weeks | 12 hours/week | [Multivariable Calculus](https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-02sc-multivariable-calculus-fall-2010/index.htm)
+[Matrix Methods In Data Analysis, Signal Processing, And Machine Learning](https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/18-065-matrix-methods-in-data-analysis-signal-processing-and-machine-learning-spring-2018/) | - | -
+
+## Systems
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort
+:-- | :--: | :--:
+[Cloud Computing / Distributed Programming](https://www.coursera.org/learn/cloud-computing) | 5 weeks | 5-10 hours/week
+[Introduction to Parallel Programming](https://classroom.udacity.com/courses/cs344) ([alt](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLGvfHSgImk4aweyWlhBXNF6XISY3um82_)) ([HW](https://colab.research.google.com/github/depctg/udacity-cs344-colab))| 12 weeks | 8-10 hours/week
+[Intro to Computer Systems](http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs.cmu.edu/academic/class/15213-f15/www/) ([Labs](http://csapp.cs.cmu.edu/3e/labs.html)) | 15 weeks | 12 hours/week
+[Great Ideas in Computer Architecture (Machine Structures)](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c/fa14/) ([Lectures](https://archive.org/details/ucberkeley_webcast_itunesu_915550404)) | 15 weeks | 12 hours/week
+[Computer Architecture](https://www.coursera.org/learn/comparch) | - | 5-8 hours/week
+[Operating System Engineering](http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-828-operating-system-engineering-fall-2012/) | - | -
+[Introduction to Operating Systems](https://www.udacity.com/course/introduction-to-operating-systems--ud923)| 8 weeks | 5-8 hours/week
+[Advanced Operating Systems](https://www.udacity.com/course/advanced-operating-systems--ud189)| 5 weeks | 5-8 hours/week
+[Computer Networking](https://www.udacity.com/course/computer-networking--ud436) | 12 weeks | 5-8 hours/week
+Distributed Systems - [Playlist](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrw6a1wE39_tb2fErI4-WkMbsvGQk9_UB), [Course site](http://nil.csail.mit.edu/6.824/2020/schedule.html), [Self-studying 6.824](https://lieuzhenghong.com/mit_6.824_self_study/) [6.824 Discord group for further help](https://discord.gg/KbhkEqpBqC) | - | -
+
+## Theory
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort
+:-- | :--: | :--:
+[Algorithms, Part I](https://www.coursera.org/learn/algorithms-part1) | 6 weeks | 6-12 hours/week
+[Algorithms, Part II](https://www.coursera.org/learn/algorithms-part2) | 6 weeks | 6-12 hours/week
+[Analysis of Algorithms (Sedgewick)](https://www.coursera.org/learn/analysis-of-algorithms) | 6 weeks | 6-8 hours/week
+[Analysis of Algorithms (Skiena)](http://www3.cs.stonybrook.edu/~skiena/373/) | 15 weeks | 6-8 hours/week
+[Programming Challenges (Skiena)](http://www3.cs.stonybrook.edu/~skiena/392/) | 14 weeks | 6-8 hours/week
+[Data Structures and Algorithms (Specialization)](https://www.coursera.org/specializations/data-structures-algorithms) | 25 weeks | 3-10 hours/week
+[Algorithmic Thinking (Part 1)](https://www.coursera.org/learn/algorithmic-thinking-1/) | - | -
+[Algorithmic Thinking (Part 2)](https://www.coursera.org/learn/algorithmic-thinking-2/) | - | -
+[Statistical Mechanics: Algorithms and Computations](https://www.coursera.org/learn/statistical-mechanics/) | - | -
+[Approximation Algorithms Part I](https://www.coursera.org/learn/approximation-algorithms-part-1/) | - | -
+[Approximation Algorithms Part II](https://www.coursera.org/learn/approximation-algorithms-part-2/) | - | -
+[Design And Analysis Of Algorithms](https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/6-046j-design-and-analysis-of-algorithms-spring-2015/) | - | -
+
+## Applications
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort
+:-- | :--: | :--:
+[Using Databases with Python](https://www.coursera.org/learn/python-databases) | 5 weeks | 2-3 hours/week
+[Database Systems](https://scs.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Sessions/List.aspx#folderID=%22ed2ee867-9610-4bad-94af-5d12c2ea47cd%22) | - | 27 hours
+[Database Management Essentials](https://www.coursera.org/learn/database-management) | 7 weeks | 4-6 hours/week
+[Intro to Artificial Intelligence](https://www.udacity.com/course/intro-to-artificial-intelligence--cs271)| 16 weeks | 6-10 hours/week
+[Intro to Machine Learning](https://www.udacity.com/course/intro-to-machine-learning--ud120)| 10 weeks | 6-10 hours/week
+[Machine Learning for Data Science and Analytics](https://www.edx.org/course/machine-learning-data-science-analytics-columbiax-ds102x-0)| 5 weeks | 7-10 hours/week
+[Big Data Science with the BD2K-LINCS Data Coordination and Integration Center](https://www.coursera.org/course/bd2klincs)| 7 weeks | 4-5 hours/week
+
+## Tools
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort
+:-- | :--: | :--:
+[How to Use Git and GitHub](https://www.udacity.com/blog/2015/06/a-beginners-git-github-tutorial.html) | 3 weeks | 2-3 hours/week
+[Kubernetes Certified Application Developer](https://www.udemy.com/course/certified-kubernetes-application-developer/) | 5 weeks | 2 hours/week
+
+
+# Online Learning - Great Courses
+
+Courses | Duration | Effort
+:-- | :--: | :--:
+[Learning How to Learn](https://www.coursera.org/learn/learning-how-to-learn) | 4 weeks | 2 hours/week
+[Mindshift](https://www.coursera.org/learn/mindshift) | 4 weeks | 2 hours/week
diff --git a/extras/free-books.md b/extras/free-books.md
deleted file mode 100644
index ab172c392..000000000
--- a/extras/free-books.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,123 +0,0 @@
-# Computer Science - Extra Resources
-
-## Free Books
-
-- [Introduction to Computer Science](#introduction-to-computer-science)
-- [Math (Mathematical Thinking)](#math-mathematical-thinking)
-- [Program Design](#program-design)
-- [Math (Discrete Math)](#math-discrete-math)
-- [Algorithms](#algorithms)
-- [Programming Paradigms](#programming-paradigms)
-- [Software Testing](#software-testing)
-- [Math (Calculus)](#math-calculus)
-- [Software Architecture](#software-architecture)
-- [Theory](#theory)
-- [Software Engineering](#software-engineering)
-- [Math (Probability)](#math-probability)
-- [Computer Architecture](#computer-architecture)
-- [Operating Systems](#operating-systems)
-- [Computer Networks](#computer-networks)
-- [Databases](#databases)
-- [Cloud Computing](#cloud-computing)
-- [Math (Linear Algebra)](#math-linear-algebra)
-- [Cryptography](#cryptography)
-- [Security](#security)
-- [Compilers](#compilers)
-- [Parallel Computing](#parallel-computing)
-- [UX Design](#ux-design)
-- [Computer Graphics](#computer-graphics)
-- [Artificial Intelligence](#artificial-intelligence)
-- [Machine Learning](#machine-learning)
-- [Natural Language Processing](#natural-language-processing)
-- [Big Data](#big-data)
-- [Data Mining](#data-mining)
-- [Internet of Things](#internet-of-things)
-
----
-
-### Introduction to Computer Science
-
-Name | Author(s)
-:-- | :--:
-[Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs](https://mitpress.mit.edu/sicp/full-text/book/book.html) | Hal Abelson, Jerry Sussman, Julie Sussman
-[Introduction to Computing: Explorations in Language, Logic, and Machines](http://www.computingbook.org/) | David Evans
-
-### Math (Mathematical Thinking)
-
-### Program Design
-
-### Math (Discrete Math)
-
-Name | Author(s)
-:-- | :--:
-[Applied Discrete Structures](http://faculty.uml.edu/klevasseur/ads2/) | Alan Doerr, Ken Levasseur
-
-### Algorithms
-
-### Programming Paradigms
-
-### Software Testing
-
-### Math (Calculus)
-
-Name | Author(s)
-:-- | :--:
-[Calculus Made Easy](http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33283) | Silvanus P. Thompson
-
-### Software Architecture
-
-### Theory
-
-### Software Engineering
-
-### Math (Probability)
-
-Name | Author(s)
-:-- | :--:
-[Grinstead and Snell’s Introduction to Probability](https://math.dartmouth.edu/~prob/prob/prob.pdf) |Charles M. Grinstead, J. Laurie Snell
-
-### Computer Architecture
-
-### Operating Systems
-
-### Computer Networks
-
-### Databases
-
-### Cloud Computing
-
-### Math (Linear Algebra)
-
-### Cryptography
-
-### Security
-
-### Compilers
-
-Name | Author(s)
-:-- | :--:
-[Compiler Construction](http://www.ethoberon.ethz.ch/WirthPubl/CBEAll.pdf) | Niklaus Wirth
-
-
-### Parallel Computing
-
-### UX Design
-
-### Computer Graphics
-
-### Artificial Intelligence
-
-### Machine Learning
-
-Name | Author(s)
-:-- | :--:
-[Deep Learning](http://www.deeplearningbook.org/) | Ian Goodfellow, Yoshua Bengio and Aaron Courville
-[Bayesian Reasoning and Machine Learning](http://web4.cs.ucl.ac.uk/staff/D.Barber/pmwiki/pmwiki.php?n=Brml.HomePage) | David Barber
-
-### Natural Language Processing
-
-### Big Data
-
-### Data Mining
-
-### Internet of Things
diff --git a/extras/free-courses.md b/extras/free-courses.md
deleted file mode 100644
index 82e90142e..000000000
--- a/extras/free-courses.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,245 +0,0 @@
-# Computer Science - Extra Resources
-
-## Free Courses
-
-- [Introduction to Computer Science](#introduction-to-computer-science)
-- [Math (Mathematical Thinking)](#math-mathematical-thinking)
-- [Program Design](#program-design)
-- [Math (Discrete Math)](#math-discrete-math)
-- [Algorithms](#algorithms)
-- [Programming Paradigms](#programming-paradigms)
-- [Software Testing](#software-testing)
-- [Math (Calculus)](#math-calculus)
-- [Software Architecture](#software-architecture)
-- [Theory](#theory)
-- [Software Engineering](#software-engineering)
-- [Math (Probability)](#math-probability)
-- [Computer Architecture](#computer-architecture)
-- [Operating Systems](#operating-systems)
-- [Computer Networks](#computer-networks)
-- [Databases](#databases)
-- [Cloud Computing](#cloud-computing)
-- [Math (Linear Algebra)](#math-linear-algebra)
-- [Cryptography](#cryptography)
-- [Security](#security)
-- [Compilers](#compilers)
-- [Parallel Computing](#parallel-computing)
-- [UX Design](#ux-design)
-- [Computer Graphics](#computer-graphics)
-- [Artificial Intelligence](#artificial-intelligence)
-- [Machine Learning](#machine-learning)
-- [Natural Language Processing](#natural-language-processing)
-- [Big Data](#big-data)
-- [Data Mining](#data-mining)
-- [Internet of Things](#internet-of-things)
-
----
-
-### Introduction to Computer Science
-
-Courses | Duration | Effort
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Introduction to Computer Science and Programming Using Python](https://www.edx.org/course/introduction-computer-science-mitx-6-00-1x-5#!)| 9 weeks | 15 hours/week
-[From Nand to Tetris (Part 1) ](https://www.coursera.org/learn/build-a-computer) | 6 weeks | 5-10 hours/week
-[Introduction to Computer Science (Udacity)](https://www.udacity.com/course/intro-to-computer-science--cs101)| 7 weeks | 10-20 hours/week
-[An Introduction to Interactive Programming in Python (Part 1)](https://www.coursera.org/learn/interactive-python-1)| 5 weeks | -
-[An Introduction to Interactive Programming in Python (Part 2)](https://www.coursera.org/learn/interactive-python-2)| - | -
-[Introduction to Computational Thinking and Data Science](https://www.edx.org/course/introduction-computational-thinking-data-mitx-6-00-2x-2#!)| 10 weeks | 15 hours/week
-[Introduction to Programming with Java Part 1: Starting to Code with Java](https://prod-edx-mktg-edit.edx.org/course/introduction-programming-java-part-1-uc3mx-it-1-1x-0)| 5 weeks | 5-7 hours/week
-[Introduction to Programming with Java Part 2: Writing Good Code](https://prod-edx-mktg-edit.edx.org/course/introduction-programming-java-part-2-uc3mx-it-1-2x)| 5 weeks | 5-7 hours/week
-[CS For All: Introduction to Computer Science and Python Programming](https://www.edx.org/course/cs-all-introduction-computer-science-harveymuddx-cs005x-0)| 14 weeks | 5-7 hours/week
-[Programming Basics](https://www.edx.org/course/programming-basics-iitbombayx-cs101-1x)| 9 weeks | 8 hours/week
-[Introduction to Logic](https://www.coursera.org/course/intrologic)| 8 weeks | 4-10 hours/week
-[Introduction to Programming with MATLAB](https://www.coursera.org/learn/matlab)| - | -
-
-### Math (Mathematical Thinking)
-
-Courses | Duration | Effort
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Introduction to Mathematical Thinking](https://www.coursera.org/course/maththink)| 10 weeks | 8-10 hours/week
-
-### Program Design
-
-### Math (Discrete Math)
-
-### Algorithms
-
-Courses | Duration | Effort
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Analysis of Algorithms (Skiena)](http://www3.cs.stonybrook.edu/~skiena/373/) | 15 weeks | 6-8 hours/week
-[Analysis of Algorithms (Sedgewick)](https://www.coursera.org/course/aofa)| 6 weeks | 6-8 hours/week
-[Programming Challenges (Skiena)](http://www3.cs.stonybrook.edu/~skiena/392/) | 14 weeks | 6-8 hours/week
-[Mathematical Logic and Algorithms Theory](https://iversity.org/en/courses/mathematical-logic-and-algorithms-theory) | 7 weeks | 3-4 hours/week
-[Algorithmic Toolbox](https://www.coursera.org/learn/algorithmic-toolbox/) | 5 weeks | 4-8 hours/week
-[Algorithms on Graphs and Trees](https://www.coursera.org/learn/algorithms-on-graphs-and-trees/) | - | -
-[Algorithms on Strings](https://www.coursera.org/learn/algorithms-on-strings/) | - | -
-[Advanced Algorithms and Complexity](https://www.coursera.org/learn/advanced-algorithms-and-complexity/) | - | -
-[Algorithmic Thinking (Part 1)](https://www.coursera.org/learn/algorithmic-thinking-1/) | - | -
-[Algorithmic Thinking (Part 2)](https://www.coursera.org/learn/algorithmic-thinking-2/) | - | -
-[Statistical Mechanics: Algorithms and Computations](https://www.coursera.org/learn/statistical-mechanics/) | - | -
-[Approximation Algorithms Part I](https://www.coursera.org/learn/approximation-algorithms-part-1/) | - | -
-[Approximation Algorithms Part II](https://www.coursera.org/learn/approximation-algorithms-part-2/) | - | -
-[Algorithms: Design and Analysis, Part 1](https://www.coursera.org/course/algo) | 6 weeks | 5-7 hours/week
-[Algorithms: Design and Analysis, Part 2](https://www.coursera.org/course/algo2) | 6 weeks | 6-10 hours/week
-
-### Programming Paradigms
-
-Courses | Duration | Effort
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Principles of Reactive Programming](https://www.coursera.org/course/reactive)| 7 weeks | 5-7 hours/week
-[Object-Oriented Programming](https://www.edx.org/course/object-oriented-programming-iitbombayx-cs101-2x)| 4 weeks | 8 hours/week
-[Introduction to Functional Programming](https://www.edx.org/course/introduction-functional-programming-delftx-fp101x-0)| 7 weeks | 4-6 hours/week
-### Software Testing
-
-### Math (Calculus)
-
-Courses | Duration | Effort
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Pre-Calculus](https://www.coursera.org/course/precalculus)| 10 weeks | 10-12 hours/week
-[Multivariable Calculus](https://www.coursera.org/course/m2o2c2)| 6 weeks | 5-7 hours/week
-
-### Software Architecture
-
-Courses | Duration | Effort
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Web Application Architectures](https://www.coursera.org/course/webapplications)| 6 weeks | 6-9 hours/week
-
-### Theory
-
-### Software Engineering
-
-Courses | Duration | Effort
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Agile Development Using Ruby on Rails - Basics](https://www.edx.org/course/agile-development-using-ruby-rails-uc-berkeleyx-cs169-1x)| 9 weeks | 12 hours/week
-[Agile Development Using Ruby on Rails - Advanced](https://www.edx.org/course/agile-development-using-ruby-rails-uc-berkeleyx-cs169-2x)| 8 weeks | 12 hours/week
-[Startup Engineering](https://www.coursera.org/course/startup) | 12 weeks | 2-20 hours/week
-
-### Math (Probability)
-
-Courses | Duration | Effort
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Introduction to Probability and Data](https://www.coursera.org/learn/probability-intro)| - | -
-
-### Computer Architecture
-
-Courses | Duration | Effort
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Certified Information Systems Auditor](https://www.cybrary.it/course/cisa/#)| - | 8.5 hours
-[The Hardware/Software Interface](https://www.coursera.org/course/hwswinterface)| 8 weeks | 10-15 hours/week
-
-### Operating Systems
-
-Courses | Duration | Effort
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Operating System Engineering](http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-828-operating-system-engineering-fall-2012/)| - | -
-[Introduction to Linux](https://www.edx.org/course/introduction-linux-linuxfoundationx-lfs101x-0)| 8 weeks | 5-8 hours/week
-[CompTIA Linux+](https://www.cybrary.it/course/comptia-linux-plus/)| - | 5.25 hours
-[Introduction to Operating Systems](https://www.udacity.com/course/introduction-to-operating-systems--ud923)| 8 weeks | 5-8 hours/week
-[Advanced Operating Systems](https://www.udacity.com/course/advanced-operating-systems--ud189)| 5 weeks | 5-8 hours/week
-[Advanced Operating Systems: Structures And Implementation](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL-XXv-cvA_iB_5Q8G8kW5idSwNmXypmQE)| 10 weeks | 2-3 hours/week
-
-### Computer Networks
-
-Courses | Duration | Effort
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Introduction to Computer Networking](https://lagunita.stanford.edu/courses/Engineering/Networking-SP/SelfPaced/about) | - | 5-10 hours/week
-[CompTIA Network+](https://www.cybrary.it/course/comptia-network-plus/) | - | 32 hours
-[Cisco CCNA](https://www.cybrary.it/course/cisco-ccna/) | - | 15.5 hours
-[Networking for Web Developers](https://www.udacity.com/course/networking-for-web-developers--ud256) | - | 12 hours
-[Computer Networking](https://www.udacity.com/course/computer-networking--ud436) | 12 weeks | 5-8 hours/week
-
-### Databases
-
-Courses | Duration | Effort
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Using Databases with Python](https://www.coursera.org/learn/python-databases) | 5 weeks | 2-3 hours/week
-[Database Systems](https://scs.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Sessions/List.aspx#folderID=%22ed2ee867-9610-4bad-94af-5d12c2ea47cd%22) | - | 27 hours
-[Database Management Essentials](https://www.coursera.org/learn/database-management) | 7 weeks | 4-6 hours/week
-
-### Cloud Computing
-
-Courses | Duration | Effort
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[CompTIA Cloud+](https://www.cybrary.it/course/comptia-cloud-plus/) | - | 2.5 hours
-[Cloud Computing Concepts](https://www.coursera.org/course/cloudcomputing) | 5 weeks | 4-8 hours/week
-[Cloud Computing Concepts: Part 2](https://www.coursera.org/course/cloudcomputing2) | 5 weeks | 4-8 hours/week
-[Cloud Computing Applications](https://www.coursera.org/course/cloudapplications) | 5 weeks | 10-15 hours/week
-
-### Math (Linear Algebra)
-
-Courses | Duration | Effort
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Linear Algebra - Foundations to Frontiers (LAFF)](https://www.edx.org/course/linear-algebra-foundations-frontiers-utaustinx-ut-5-03x)| 15 weeks | 8 hours/week
-
-### Cryptography
-
-Courses | Duration | Effort
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Applied Cryptography](https://www.udacity.com/course/applied-cryptography--cs387)| 8 weeks | 6 hours/week
-[Cryptography](https://www.coursera.org/learn/cryptography/)| 7 weeks | 4-7 hours/week
-[Cryptography](https://www.cybrary.it/course/cryptography/)| - | 2.9 hours
-
-### Security
-
-Courses | Duration | Effort
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Usable Security](https://www.coursera.org/learn/usable-security/)| 7 weeks | 5-8 hours/week
-[Software Security](https://www.coursera.org/learn/software-security/)| 6 weeks | 3-5 hours/week
-[Cybersecurity and Its Ten Domains](https://www.coursera.org/learn/cyber-security-domain/)| 7 weeks | 4-7 hours/week
-[Designing and Executing Information Security Strategies](https://www.coursera.org/course/infosec)| 10 weeks | 4-6 hours/week
-[CompTIA Security+](https://www.cybrary.it/course/comptia-security-plus/)| - | 9.5 hours
-[Cyberwar, Surveillance and Security](https://www.edx.org/course/cyberwar-surveillance-security-adelaidex-cyber101x-0)| 6 weeks | 2-3 hours/week
-[Computer and Hacking Forensics](https://www.cybrary.it/course/computer-hacking-forensics-analyst/)| - | 7.1 hours
-[Secure Coding](https://www.cybrary.it/course/secure-coding/)| - | 9.5 hours
-
-### Compilers
-
-### Parallel Computing
-
-### UX Design
-
-### Computer Graphics
-
-### Artificial Intelligence
-
-Courses | Duration | Effort
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Discrete Optimization](https://www.coursera.org/course/optimization)| 9 weeks | 10-20 hours/week
-[Intro to Artificial Intelligence](https://www.udacity.com/course/intro-to-artificial-intelligence--cs271)| 16 weeks | 6-10 hours/week
-
-### Machine Learning
-
-Courses | Duration | Effort
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Intro to Machine Learning](https://www.udacity.com/course/intro-to-machine-learning--ud120)| 10 weeks | 6-10 hours/week
-[Machine Learning for Data Science and Analytics](https://www.edx.org/course/machine-learning-data-science-analytics-columbiax-ds102x-0)| 5 weeks | 7-10 hours/week
-
-### Natural Language Processing
-
-### Big Data
-
-Courses | Duration | Effort
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Big Data for Smart Cities](https://www.edx.org/course/big-data-smart-cities-ieeex-introdatax)| 4 weeks | 3-5 hours/week
-[Processing Big Data with Azure HDInsight](https://www.edx.org/course/processing-big-data-azure-hdinsight-microsoft-dat202-1x-0)| 5 weeks | 3-4 hours/week
-[Big Data Science with the BD2K-LINCS Data Coordination and Integration Center](https://www.coursera.org/course/bd2klincs)| 7 weeks | 4-5 hours/week
-
-### Data Mining
-
-Courses | Duration | Effort
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Mining Massive Datasets](https://www.coursera.org/course/mmds)| 7 weeks | 8-10 hours/week
-[Text Retrieval and Search Engines](https://www.coursera.org/learn/text-retrieval)| - | -
-[Text Mining and Analytics](https://www.coursera.org/learn/text-mining)| - | -
-[Cluster Analysis in Data Mining](https://www.coursera.org/learn/cluster-analysis)| - | -
-
-### Internet of Things
-
-Courses | Duration | Effort
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Introduction to the Internet of Things and Embedded Systems](https://www.coursera.org/learn/iot/?source=phoenixCdp2016AbTest)| 4 weeks | 1-3 hours/week
-[Internet of Things: How did we get here?](https://www.coursera.org/learn/internet-of-things-history/)| 2 weeks | 2-3 hours/week
-[Internet of Things: Setting Up Your DragonBoard™ Development Platform](https://www.coursera.org/learn/internet-of-things-dragonboard/)| 10 weeks | 2-3 hours/week
-[Internet of Things: Sensing and Actuation From Devices](https://www.coursera.org/learn/internet-of-things-sensing-actuation)| 6 weeks | 3-5 hours/week
-[Internet of Things: Communication Technologies](https://www.coursera.org/learn/internet-of-things-communication)| 4 weeks | 1 hours/week
-[Internet of Things: MultimediaTechnologies](https://www.coursera.org/learn/internet-of-things-multimedia)| 3 weeks | 1-2 hours/week
diff --git a/extras/other_curricula.md b/extras/other_curricula.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2840ba409
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extras/other_curricula.md
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# Other curricula
+
+OSSU is one of a few efforts to inform learners how they can pursue computer science independently. Below are a few other such efforts.
+
+- [Google - Guide for Technical Development](https://www.google.com/about/careers/students/guide-to-technical-development.html)
+- [Teach Yourself Computer Science](https://teachyourselfcs.com/)
+- [Obtaining a Thorough CS Background Online](http://spin.atomicobject.com/2015/05/15/obtaining-thorough-cs-background-online/)
+- [P1xt](https://github.com/P1xt/p1xt-guides)
+- [Functional CS](https://functionalcs.github.io/curriculum/)
+
+What differentiates OSSU? OSSU is dedicated to how an individual can learn the undergraduate CS curriculum. This is why we use the [CS2013](../CURRICULAR_GUIDELINES.md) as our curricular guidelines. These guidelines are written by the two foremost professional organizations in computing.
+
+This approach has the benefit of clarifying to others the extent of a student's study and understanding. Students have gone from OSSU study into both tech industry employment and into Computer Science graduate school. We look forward to helping you do the same.
diff --git a/extras/paid-books.md b/extras/paid-books.md
deleted file mode 100644
index cdee8758f..000000000
--- a/extras/paid-books.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,121 +0,0 @@
-# Computer Science - Extra Resources
-
-## Paid Books
-
-- [Introduction to Computer Science](#introduction-to-computer-science)
-- [Math (Mathematical Thinking)](#math-mathematical-thinking)
-- [Program Design](#program-design)
-- [Math (Discrete Math)](#math-discrete-math)
-- [Algorithms](#algorithms)
-- [Programming Paradigms](#programming-paradigms)
-- [Software Testing](#software-testing)
-- [Math (Calculus)](#math-calculus)
-- [Software Architecture](#software-architecture)
-- [Theory](#theory)
-- [Software Engineering](#software-engineering)
-- [Math (Probability)](#math-probability)
-- [Computer Architecture](#computer-architecture)
-- [Operating Systems](#operating-systems)
-- [Computer Networks](#computer-networks)
-- [Databases](#databases)
-- [Cloud Computing](#cloud-computing)
-- [Math (Linear Algebra)](#math-linear-algebra)
-- [Cryptography](#cryptography)
-- [Security](#security)
-- [Compilers](#compilers)
-- [Parallel Computing](#parallel-computing)
-- [UX Design](#ux-design)
-- [Computer Graphics](#computer-graphics)
-- [Artificial Intelligence](#artificial-intelligence)
-- [Machine Learning](#machine-learning)
-- [Natural Language Processing](#natural-language-processing)
-- [Big Data](#big-data)
-- [Data Mining](#data-mining)
-- [Internet of Things](#internet-of-things)
-
----
-
-### Introduction to Computer Science
-
-Name | Author | ISBN
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Introduction to Computation and Programming Using Python](https://www.amazon.com/Introduction-Computation-Programming-Using-Python/dp/0262525003/) | John V. Guttag | 978-0262525008
-
-### Math (Mathematical Thinking)
-
-### Program Design
-
-### Math (Discrete Math)
-
-Name | Author | ISBN
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Discrete Mathematics with Applications(4th Edition)](http://www.amazon.com/Discrete-Mathematics-Applications-Susanna-Epp/dp/0495391328/) | Susanna S. Epp | 9780495391326
-
-### Algorithms
-
-Name | Author | ISBN
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Introduction to Algorithms(3rd Edition)](http://www.amazon.com/Introduction-Algorithms-3rd-MIT-Press/dp/0262033844/) | Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest, Clifford Stein | 9780262033848
-
-### Programming Paradigms
-
-### Software Testing
-
-### Math (Calculus)
-
-### Software Architecture
-
-### Theory
-
-### Software Engineering
-
-### Math (Probability)
-
-### Computer Architecture
-
-### Operating Systems
-
-Name | Author | ISBN
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Modern Operating Systems(4th Edition)](http://www.amazon.com/Modern-Operating-Systems-Andrew-Tanenbaum/dp/013359162X/) | Andrew S. Tanenbaum, Herbert Bos | 9780133591620
-
-### Computer Networks
-
-Name | Author | ISBN
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (6th Edition)](http://www.chegg.com/textbooks/computer-networking-6th-edition-9780132856201-0132856204) | James F Kurose, Keith W Ross | 9780132856201
-[Computer Networks (5th Edition)](http://www.amazon.com/Computer-Networks-5th-Andrew-Tanenbaum/dp/0132126958/) | Andrew S. Tanenbaum, David J. Wetherall| 9780132126953
-
-### Databases
-
-### Cloud Computing
-
-### Math (Linear Algebra)
-
-### Cryptography
-
-### Security
-
-### Compilers
-
-Name | Author | ISBN
-:-- | :--: | :--:
-[Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools (2nd Edition)](http://www.amazon.com/Compilers-Principles-Techniques-Tools-2nd/dp/0321486811/) | Alfred V. Aho, Monica S. Lam, Ravi Sethi, Jeffrey D. Ullman | 9780321486813
-
-### Parallel Computing
-
-### UX Design
-
-### Computer Graphics
-
-### Artificial Intelligence
-
-### Machine Learning
-
-### Natural Language Processing
-
-### Big Data
-
-### Data Mining
-
-### Internet of Things
diff --git a/extras/paid-courses.md b/extras/paid-courses.md
deleted file mode 100644
index 89e08bfcc..000000000
--- a/extras/paid-courses.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,96 +0,0 @@
-# Computer Science - Extra Resources
-
-## Paid Courses
-
-- [Introduction to Computer Science](#introduction-to-computer-science)
-- [Math (Mathematical Thinking)](#math-mathematical-thinking)
-- [Program Design](#program-design)
-- [Math (Discrete Math)](#math-discrete-math)
-- [Algorithms](#algorithms)
-- [Programming Paradigms](#programming-paradigms)
-- [Software Testing](#software-testing)
-- [Math (Calculus)](#math-calculus)
-- [Software Architecture](#software-architecture)
-- [Theory](#theory)
-- [Software Engineering](#software-engineering)
-- [Math (Probability)](#math-probability)
-- [Computer Architecture](#computer-architecture)
-- [Operating Systems](#operating-systems)
-- [Computer Networks](#computer-networks)
-- [Databases](#databases)
-- [Cloud Computing](#cloud-computing)
-- [Math (Linear Algebra)](#math-linear-algebra)
-- [Cryptography](#cryptography)
-- [Security](#security)
-- [Compilers](#compilers)
-- [Parallel Computing](#parallel-computing)
-- [UX Design](#ux-design)
-- [Computer Graphics](#computer-graphics)
-- [Artificial Intelligence](#artificial-intelligence)
-- [Machine Learning](#machine-learning)
-- [Natural Language Processing](#natural-language-processing)
-- [Big Data](#big-data)
-- [Data Mining](#data-mining)
-- [Internet of Things](#internet-of-things)
-
----
-
-### Introduction to Computer Science
-
-### Math (Mathematical Thinking)
-
-### Program Design
-
-### Math (Discrete Math)
-
-### Algorithms
-
-### Programming Paradigms
-
-### Software Testing
-
-### Math (Calculus)
-
-### Software Architecture
-
-### Theory
-
-### Software Engineering
-
-### Math (Probability)
-
-### Computer Architecture
-
-### Operating Systems
-
-### Computer Networks
-
-### Databases
-
-### Cloud Computing
-
-### Math (Linear Algebra)
-
-### Cryptography
-
-### Security
-
-### Compilers
-
-### Parallel Computing
-
-### UX Design
-
-### Computer Graphics
-
-### Artificial Intelligence
-
-### Machine Learning
-
-### Natural Language Processing
-
-### Big Data
-
-### Data Mining
-
-### Internet of Things
diff --git a/extras/puzzles-practice-plods.md b/extras/puzzles-practice-plods.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..28f6d1af5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extras/puzzles-practice-plods.md
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+# Computer Science - Puzzles, Practice and Plods
+
+**Some OSSUnians value sites that allow them to practice coding problems disconnected from a course.**
+
+> Solving "textbook" problems is easy because we've been prepped for them by the course. Solving a "real world" example is much more difficult because there is no hand-holding.
+
+[link](https://github.com/ossu/computer-science/issues/783#issuecomment-694187743)
+
+> So give us a problem where the parameters are laid out in x,y fashion, and we'll be able to code for it. But confront us with another problem, and it might stump us since we're still not practiced with thinking algorithmically or what have you.
+
+[link](https://github.com/ossu/computer-science/issues/783#issuecomment-694176898)
+
+**Others feel that its important not to get distracted by anxieties and puzzles.**
+
+> Consider this a love letter to all the beginners out there.
+
+> I think that when you are still in the beginner stages, it FEELS like you do not have enough competence to contributing to a project.
+ It FEELS like taking classes, doing programming assignments etc. are not good enough in your eyes to be considered worthy of a "project".
+ They feel too small and insignificant. You're not quite satisfied.
+ (Part of the reason might be that early stuff is too easy for you, and you haven't taken a course that kicked your ass and wiped the floor with you yet.)
+ Since this is online learning and there is nobody/nothing holding you back, the natural tendency is to spread wide and try to do many things all at once, get distracted.
+ I'VE BEEN THERE, trust me.
+ And naturally you are in a rush to become competent as fast as possible.
+ You keep thinking, "when will I be ready to do something BIG?" And you don't want to wait.
+ Similar to how children always seem like they are in a hurry to grow up and start imitating adults.
+ The dissatisfaction and the impatience make for an uncomfortable combination.
+ Let's call this: beginner's mind.
+
+> The fact is, you have to be patient.
+ I would argue that early on in your studies, arguably, is NOT when it is most critical for you to contribute to a project...
+
+> I would recommend the slow, steady and patient approach of OSSU over the distracted, all over the place style of learning lots of others use, with various uncoordinated resources on the internet.
+ Looking for a project? How about THE NEXT COURSE?
+
+> So I think that the problem is not really a problem, but a need to adjust expectations.
+ I would recommend a shift in thinking, away from beginner's mind.
+ Think long term, so that those small, insignificant exercises and programming assignments in each course should feel like they are crucial parts of your biggest, long-term project: YOU
+
+[link](https://github.com/ossu/computer-science/issues/783#issuecomment-690023645)
+
+So OSSUnian, read the above and then consider how much time you wish to put into these resources:
+- [Exercism](https://exercism.io/)
+- [LeetCode](https://leetcode.com/)
+- [HackerRank](https://www.hackerrank.com/)
+- [CodeWars](https://www.codewars.com/)
+- [100+ Python Coding Problems with Solutions](https://github.com/ProgrammingHero1/100-plus-python-coding-problems-with-solutions)
+- [Rosalind](http://rosalind.info/problems/locations/)
+- [Advent of Code](https://adventofcode.com/)
+- [GitHub projects for beginners](https://github.com/MunGell/awesome-for-beginners) - Projects that are specifically geared towards beginners to GitHub. Possibly intermediate to advanced coding issues to be solved.
diff --git a/extras/readings.md b/extras/readings.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..80e6410c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extras/readings.md
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+# Computer Science - Great Readings
+
+This document consists of great books or articles on computer science.
+Some are here because there is a course covering the same material;
+some are just great books that you should read at some point in your career.
+
+Once you have made it through most of the curriculum, knowing whether a book is worth your time will become easier.
+Or, if you are struggling in one of the courses, perhaps reading a book on the subject will help.
+
+## Programming
+
+Name | Author(s)
+:-- | :--:
+[Introduction to Computation and Programming Using Python 3e](https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/introduction-computation-and-programming-using-python-third-edition) | John V. Guttag
+[Think Python 2e](http://greenteapress.com/wp/think-python-2e/) | Allen B. Downey
+[How to Design Programs 2e](https://www.htdp.org/) | Matthias Felleisen, Robert Bruce Findler, Matthew Flatt, Shriram Krishnamurthi
+[Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs 2e](https://mitpress.mit.edu/sites/default/files/sicp/full-text/book/book.html) | Hal Abelson, Jerry Sussman, Julie Sussman
+[The Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs (2021, JavaScript)](https://sourceacademy.org/sicpjs/index) | Harold Abelson, Gerald Jay Sussman, Julie Sussman, Martin Henz, Tobias Wrigstad and Samuel Fang
+[Concepts, Techniques, and Models of Computer Programming](https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0262220695) | Peter Van Roy, Seif Haridi
+[Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software](https://www.amazon.com/Design-Patterns-Elements-Reusable-Object-Oriented/dp/0201633612) | Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, John Vlissides
+[Refactoring](https://www.refactoring.com/) | Martin Fowler
+[Clean Code](https://www.amazon.com/Clean-Code-Handbook-Software-Craftsmanship/dp/0132350882) | Robert Martin
+[Code Complete 2e](https://www.amazon.com/Code-Complete-Practical-Handbook-Construction/dp/0735619670) | Steve McConnell
+[The Pragmatic Programmer 2e](https://pragprog.com/titles/tpp20/the-pragmatic-programmer-20th-anniversary-edition/) | Andrew Hunt, David Thomas
+[Programming Languages: Application and Interpretation](http://cs.brown.edu/~sk/Publications/Books/ProgLangs/) | Shriram Krishnamurthi
+[Programming and Programming Languages](https://papl.cs.brown.edu/2018/) | Shriram Krishnamurthi, Benjamin S. Lerner, Joe Gibbs Politz
+[Competitive Programming](https://cpbook.net/) | Steven Halim, Felix Halim
+[Introduction to computing in Java](https://introcs.cs.princeton.edu/java/home/) | Robert Sedgewick, Kevin Wayne
+[How to Design Programs, Second Edition](https://htdp.org/2023-8-14/Book/index.html) | Matthias Felleisen, Robert Bruce Findler, Matthew Flatt, Shriram Krishnamurthi
+
+## Math
+
+Name | Author(s)
+:-- | :--:
+[Calculus Made Easy](http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33283) | Silvanus P. Thompson
+[Ximera: Interactive Calculus Textbooks](https://ximera.osu.edu/) | [Ximera team](https://ximera.osu.edu/about/team)
+[Discrete Mathematics with Applications (4th Edition)](http://www.amazon.com/Discrete-Mathematics-Applications-Susanna-Epp/dp/0495391328/) | Susanna S. Epp
+[Discrete Mathematics: An Open Introduction](http://discrete.openmathbooks.org/dmoi/) | Oscar Levin
+[Applied Discrete Structures](http://faculty.uml.edu/klevasseur/ads2/) | Alan Doerr, Ken Levasseur
+[Grinstead and Snell’s Introduction to Probability](https://math.dartmouth.edu/~prob/prob/prob.pdf) | Charles M. Grinstead, J. Laurie Snell
+[Linear Algebra for Everyone](https://math.mit.edu/~gs/everyone/) | Gilbert Strang
+[The Art of Linear Algebra](https://github.com/kenjihiranabe/The-Art-of-Linear-Algebra) | Kenji Hiranabe, Gilbert Strang
+
+## Systems
+
+Name | Author(s)
+:-- | :--:
+[But How Do It Know?](http://www.buthowdoitknow.com/) | J. Clark Scott
+[Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective (3rd Edition)](http://csapp.cs.cmu.edu/) | Randal E. Bryant, David R. O'Hallaron
+[Modern Operating Systems (4th Edition)](http://www.amazon.com/Modern-Operating-Systems-Andrew-Tanenbaum/dp/013359162X/) | Andrew S. Tanenbaum, Herbert Bos
+[Computer Organization and Design: The Hardware/Software Interface (6th Edition)](https://www.amazon.com/Computer-Organization-Design-MIPS-Architecture/dp/0128201096/) | David Patternson, John Hennessy
+[Computer Networks (5th Edition)](http://www.amazon.com/Computer-Networks-5th-Andrew-Tanenbaum/dp/0132126958/) | Andrew S. Tanenbaum, David J. Wetherall
+[Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (8th Edition)](https://gaia.cs.umass.edu/kurose_ross/index.html) | James F Kurose, Keith W Ross
+[Distributed Systems: Principles and Paradigms](https://www.amazon.com/Distributed-Systems-Principles-Andrew-Tanenbaum/dp/153028175X) | Andrew Tanenbaum
+[Operating Systems Design and Implementation](https://www.amazon.com/Operating-Systems-Design-Implementation-3rd/dp/0131429388) | Andrew S. Tanenbaum, Albert S. Woodhull
+[Crafting Interpreters](https://www.craftinginterpreters.com/contents.html) | Robert Nystrom
+[Principles of Compiler Design](https://www.amazon.com/Principles-Compiler-Addison-Wesley-information-processing/dp/0201000229) | Alfred Aho, Jeffrey Ullman
+[Distributed Systems Reading Group](http://dsrg.pdos.csail.mit.edu/papers/) | Various
+[System Design: Design large-scale systems](https://github.com/donnemartin/system-design-primer) | Various
+
+## Theory
+
+Name | Author(s)
+:-- | :--:
+[Introduction to Computing: Explorations in Language, Logic, and Machines](http://www.computingbook.org/) | David Evans
+[Introduction to the Theory of Computation (3rd Edition)](https://www.amazon.com/Introduction-Theory-Computation-Michael-Sipser/dp/113318779X) | Michael Sipser
+[Introduction to Algorithms (3rd Edition)](http://www.amazon.com/Introduction-Algorithms-3rd-MIT-Press/dp/0262033844/) | Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest, Clifford Stein
+[The Algorithm Design Manual (3rd Edition)](https://www.algorist.com/) | Steven Skiena
+[Algorithms (4th Edition)](https://algs4.cs.princeton.edu/home/) | Robert Sedgewick
+[Category Theory: A Gentle Introduction](http://www.logicmatters.net/resources/pdfs/GentleIntro.pdf) | Peter Smith
+[Category Theory for Programmers: The Preface](https://bartoszmilewski.com/2014/10/28/category-theory-for-programmers-the-preface/) | Bartosz Milewski
+[An Introduction to Information Retrieval](https://nlp.stanford.edu/IR-book/pdf/irbookonlinereading.pdf) | Christopher D. Manning, Prabhakar Raghavan, Hinrich Schütze
+[Computer Science: An interdisciplinary approach](https://introcs.cs.princeton.edu/java/cs/) | Robert Sedgewick, Kevin Wayne
+[DSA CS3: Data Structures & Algorithms](https://opendsa-server.cs.vt.edu/OpenDSA/Books/CS3/html/) ([Coursenotes](https://opendsa-server.cs.vt.edu/OpenDSA/Books/CS3notes/html/) - [Slides](https://opendsa-server.cs.vt.edu/OpenDSA/Books/CS3slides/html/)) | The OpenDSA Project (supported by National Science Foundation)
+
+## Applications
+
+Name | Author(s)
+:-- | :--:
+[Architecture of a Database System](http://db.cs.berkeley.edu/papers/fntdb07-architecture.pdf) | Joseph M. Hellerstein, Michael Stonebraker, James Hamilton
+[Readings in Database Systems (5th Edition)](http://www.redbook.io/) | Peter Bailis, Joseph M. Hellerstein, Michael Stonebraker, editors
+[Database Management Systems (3rd Edition)](https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0072465638) | Raghu Ramakrishnan, Johannes Gehrke
+[Transaction Processing: Concepts and Techniques](https://www.amazon.com/Transaction-Processing-Concepts-Techniques-Management/dp/1558601902) | Jim Gray, Andreas Reuter
+[Data and Reality: A Timeless Perspective on Perceiving and Managing Information in Our Imprecise World (3rd Edition)](https://www.amazon.com/Data-Reality-Perspective-Perceiving-Information/dp/1935504215) | William Kent
+[The Architecture of Open Source Applications](http://aosabook.org/en/) | Michael DiBernardo (editor)
+[An Introduction to Statistical Learning](https://www-bcf.usc.edu/~gareth/ISL/) | Gareth James, Daniela Witten, Trevor Hastie and Robert Tibshirani
+[Deep Learning](http://www.deeplearningbook.org/) | Ian Goodfellow, Yoshua Bengio and Aaron Courville
+[Bayesian Reasoning and Machine Learning](http://web4.cs.ucl.ac.uk/staff/D.Barber/pmwiki/pmwiki.php?n=Brml.HomePage) | David Barber
+[Language Implementation Patterns](https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/193435645X) | Terence Parr
+[Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools (2nd Edition)](http://www.amazon.com/Compilers-Principles-Techniques-Tools-2nd/dp/0321486811/) | Alfred V. Aho, Monica S. Lam, Ravi Sethi, Jeffrey D. Ullman
+[Compiler Construction](https://inf.ethz.ch/personal/wirth/CompilerConstruction/index.html) | Niklaus Wirth
+[The Mythical Man-Month](https://www.amazon.com/Mythical-Man-Month-Software-Engineering-Anniversary/dp/0201835959/) | Fred Brooks, Jr.
+[Physically Based Rendering: From Theory To Implementation](http://www.pbr-book.org/) | Matt Pharr, Wenzel Jakob, and Greg Humphreys
+
+
+## Tools
+
+Name | Author(s)
+:-- | :--:
+[The Linux Command Line](https://linuxcommand.org/tlcl.php) | by William Shotts
-