Added support for Stan (#2490)

components.json

@@ -1070,6 +1070,10 @@
 			"title": "SQL",
 			"owner": "multipetros"
 		},
+		"stan": {
+			"title": "Stan",
+			"owner": "RunDevelopment"
+		},
 		"iecst": {
 			"title": "Structured Text (IEC 61131-3)",
 			"owner": "serhioromano"

components/prism-stan.js

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// https://mc-stan.org/docs/2_24/reference-manual/bnf-grammars.html
+
+Prism.languages.stan = {
+	'comment': /\/\/.*|\/\*[\s\S]*?\*\/|#(?!include).*/,
+	'string': {
+		// String literals can contain spaces and any printable ASCII characters except for " and \
+		// https://mc-stan.org/docs/2_24/reference-manual/print-statements-section.html#string-literals
+		pattern: /"[\x20\x21\x23-\x5B\x5D-\x7E]*"/,
+		greedy: true
+	},
+	'directive': {
+		pattern: /^([ \t]*)#include\b.*/m,
+		lookbehind: true,
+		alias: 'property'
+	},
+
+	'function-arg': {
+		pattern: /(\b(?:algebra_solver|integrate_1d|integrate_ode|integrate_ode_bdf|integrate_ode_rk45|map_rect)\s*\(\s*)[a-zA-Z]\w*/,
+		lookbehind: true,
+		alias: 'function'
+	},
+	'constraint': {
+		pattern: /(\b(?:int|matrix|real|row_vector|vector)\s*)<[^<>]*>/,
+		lookbehind: true,
+		inside: {
+			'expression': {
+				pattern: /(=\s*)(?:(?!\s*(?:>$|,\s*\w+\s*=))[\s\S])+/,
+				lookbehind: true,
+				inside: null // see below
+			},
+			'property': /\b[a-z]\w*(?=\s*=)/i,
+			'operator': /=/,
+			'punctuation': /^<|>$|[,]/
+		}
+	},
+	'keyword': [
+		/\b(?:break|cholesky_factor_corr|cholesky_factor_cov|continue|corr_matrix|cov_matrix|data|else|for|functions|generated|if|in|increment_log_prob|int|matrix|model|ordered|parameters|positive_ordered|print|quantities|real|reject|return|row_vector|simplex|target|transformed|unit_vector|vector|void|while)\b/,
+		// these are functions that are known to take another function as their first argument.
+		/\b(?:algebra_solver|integrate_1d|integrate_ode|integrate_ode_bdf|integrate_ode_rk45|map_rect)\b/
+	],
+	'function': /\b[a-z]\w*(?=\s*\()/i,
+	'number': /(?:\b\d+(?:\.\d*)?|\B\.\d+)(?:E[+-]?\d+)?\b/i,
+	'boolean': /\b(?:false|true)\b/,
+
+	'operator': /<-|\.[*/]=?|\|\|?|&&|[!=<>+\-*/]=?|['^%~?:]/,
+	'punctuation': /[()\[\]{},;]/
+};
+
+Prism.languages.stan.constraint.inside.expression.inside = Prism.languages.stan;

examples/prism-stan.html

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<h2>Full example</h2>
+<pre><code>// source: https://github.com/stan-dev/example-models/blob/8a6964135560f54f52695ccd4d2492a8067f0c30/misc/linear-regression/regression_std.stan
+
+// normal mixture, unknown proportion and means, known variance
+// p(y|mu,theta) = theta * Normal(y|mu[1],1) + (1-theta) * Normal(y|mu[2],1);
+
+data {
+  int&lt;lower=0>  N;
+  real y[N];
+}
+parameters {
+  real&lt;lower=0,upper=1> theta;
+  real mu[2];
+}
+model {
+  theta ~ uniform(0,1); // equivalently, ~ beta(1,1);
+  for (k in 1:2)
+    mu[k] ~ normal(0,10);
+  for (n in 1:N)
+    target += log_mix(theta, normal_lpdf(y[n]|mu[1],1.0), normal_lpdf(y[n]|mu[2],1.0));
+}</code></pre>

tests/languages/stan/comment_feature.test

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# comment
+// comment
+/*
+comment
+*/
+
+----------------------------------------------------
+
+[
+	["comment", "# comment"],
+	["comment", "// comment"],
+	["comment", "/*\ncomment\n*/"]
+]
+
+----------------------------------------------------
+
+Checks for comments.

tests/languages/stan/constraint_feature.test

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+real<lower=a> b;
+
+real<lower=a, upper=b> theta;
+
+int<lower=1> T;
+
+matrix<multiplier=5>[3, 4] B;
+
+row_vector<lower=-1,upper=1>[10] u;
+
+row_vector<offset=-42,multiplier=3>[3] u;
+
+real<lower=min(y), upper=max(y)> phi;
+
+real<offset=mu,multiplier=sigma> x;
+
+----------------------------------------------------
+
+[
+	["keyword", "real"],
+	["constraint", [
+		["punctuation", "<"],
+		["property", "lower"],
+		["operator", "="],
+		["expression", [
+			"a"
+		]],
+		["punctuation", ">"]
+	]],
+	" b",
+	["punctuation", ";"],
+
+	["keyword", "real"],
+	["constraint", [
+		["punctuation", "<"],
+		["property", "lower"],
+		["operator", "="],
+		["expression", [
+			"a"
+		]],
+		["punctuation", ","],
+		["property", "upper"],
+		["operator", "="],
+		["expression", [
+			"b"
+		]],
+		["punctuation", ">"]
+	]],
+	" theta",
+	["punctuation", ";"],
+
+	["keyword", "int"],
+	["constraint", [
+		["punctuation", "<"],
+		["property", "lower"],
+		["operator", "="],
+		["expression", [
+			["number", "1"]
+		]],
+		["punctuation", ">"]
+	]],
+	" T",
+	["punctuation", ";"],
+
+	["keyword", "matrix"],
+	["constraint", [
+		["punctuation", "<"],
+		["property", "multiplier"],
+		["operator", "="],
+		["expression", [
+			["number", "5"]
+		]],
+		["punctuation", ">"]
+	]],
+	["punctuation", "["],
+	["number", "3"],
+	["punctuation", ","],
+	["number", "4"],
+	["punctuation", "]"],
+	" B",
+	["punctuation", ";"],
+
+	["keyword", "row_vector"],
+	["constraint", [
+		["punctuation", "<"],
+		["property", "lower"],
+		["operator", "="],
+		["expression", [
+			["operator", "-"],
+			["number", "1"]
+		]],
+		["punctuation", ","],
+		["property", "upper"],
+		["operator", "="],
+		["expression", [
+			["number", "1"]
+		]],
+		["punctuation", ">"]
+	]],
+	["punctuation", "["],
+	["number", "10"],
+	["punctuation", "]"],
+	" u",
+	["punctuation", ";"],
+
+	["keyword", "row_vector"],
+	["constraint", [
+		["punctuation", "<"],
+		["property", "offset"],
+		["operator", "="],
+		["expression", [
+			["operator", "-"],
+			["number", "42"]
+		]],
+		["punctuation", ","],
+		["property", "multiplier"],
+		["operator", "="],
+		["expression", [
+			["number", "3"]
+		]],
+		["punctuation", ">"]
+	]],
+	["punctuation", "["],
+	["number", "3"],
+	["punctuation", "]"],
+	" u",
+	["punctuation", ";"],
+
+	["keyword", "real"],
+	["constraint", [
+		["punctuation", "<"],
+		["property", "lower"],
+		["operator", "="],
+		["expression", [
+			["function", "min"],
+			["punctuation", "("],
+			"y",
+			["punctuation", ")"]
+		]],
+		["punctuation", ","],
+		["property", "upper"],
+		["operator", "="],
+		["expression", [
+			["function", "max"],
+			["punctuation", "("],
+			"y",
+			["punctuation", ")"]
+		]],
+		["punctuation", ">"]
+	]],
+	" phi",
+	["punctuation", ";"],
+
+	["keyword", "real"],
+	["constraint", [
+		["punctuation", "<"],
+		["property", "offset"],
+		["operator", "="],
+		["expression", [
+			"mu"
+		]],
+		["punctuation", ","],
+		["property", "multiplier"],
+		["operator", "="],
+		["expression", [
+			"sigma"
+		]],
+		["punctuation", ">"]
+	]],
+	" x",
+	["punctuation", ";"]
+]
+
+----------------------------------------------------
+
+Checks for type constraints.

tests/languages/stan/directive_feature.test

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#include my-std-normal.stan  // definition of standard normal
+	#include my-std-normal.stan
+
+----------------------------------------------------
+
+[
+	["directive", "#include my-std-normal.stan  "],
+	["comment", "// definition of standard normal"],
+	["directive", "#include my-std-normal.stan"]
+]
+
+----------------------------------------------------
+
+Checks for include directives.

tests/languages/stan/keyword_feature.test

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+break
+cholesky_factor_corr
+cholesky_factor_cov
+continue
+corr_matrix
+cov_matrix
+data
+else
+for
+functions
+generated
+if
+in
+increment_log_prob
+int
+matrix
+model
+ordered
+parameters
+positive_ordered
+print
+quantities
+real
+reject
+return
+row_vector
+simplex
+target
+transformed
+unit_vector
+vector
+void
+while
+
+algebra_solver
+integrate_1d
+integrate_ode
+integrate_ode_bdf
+integrate_ode_rk45
+map_rect
+
+----------------------------------------------------
+
+[
+	["keyword", "break"],
+	["keyword", "cholesky_factor_corr"],
+	["keyword", "cholesky_factor_cov"],
+	["keyword", "continue"],
+	["keyword", "corr_matrix"],
+	["keyword", "cov_matrix"],
+	["keyword", "data"],
+	["keyword", "else"],
+	["keyword", "for"],
+	["keyword", "functions"],
+	["keyword", "generated"],
+	["keyword", "if"],
+	["keyword", "in"],
+	["keyword", "increment_log_prob"],
+	["keyword", "int"],
+	["keyword", "matrix"],
+	["keyword", "model"],
+	["keyword", "ordered"],
+	["keyword", "parameters"],
+	["keyword", "positive_ordered"],
+	["keyword", "print"],
+	["keyword", "quantities"],
+	["keyword", "real"],
+	["keyword", "reject"],
+	["keyword", "return"],
+	["keyword", "row_vector"],
+	["keyword", "simplex"],
+	["keyword", "target"],
+	["keyword", "transformed"],
+	["keyword", "unit_vector"],
+	["keyword", "vector"],
+	["keyword", "void"],
+	["keyword", "while"],
+
+	["keyword", "algebra_solver"],
+	["keyword", "integrate_1d"],
+	["keyword", "integrate_ode"],
+	["keyword", "integrate_ode_bdf"],
+	["keyword", "integrate_ode_rk45"],
+	["keyword", "map_rect"]
+]
+
+----------------------------------------------------
+
+Checks for keywords.