0x0B-malloc_free

0x0B. C - malloc, free

Learning objectives for this project:

• What is the difference between automatic and dynamic allocation
• What is malloc and free and how to use them
• Why and when use malloc
• How to use valgrind to check for memory leak

Tests ✔️

• tests: Folder of test files. Provided by Holberton School.

Header File 📁

• holberton.h: Header file containing prototypes for all functions written in the project.

File	Protoype
0-create_array.c	char *create_array(unsigned int size, char c);
1-strdup.c	char *_strdup(char *str);
2-str_concat.c	char *str_concat(char *s1, char *s2);
3-alloc_grid.c	int **alloc_grid(int width, int height);
4-free_grid.c	void free_grid(int **grid, int height);
5-argstostr.c	char *argstostr(int ac, char **av);
100-strtow.c	char **strtow(char *str);

Tasks 📃

• 0. Float like a butterfly, sting like a bee

  • 0-create_array.c: C function that returns a pointer to a newly-allocated space in memory containing an array of characters.
    • The array of characters is initialized to the parameter c.
    • If the function fails or receives size equal to 0 - returns NULL.

• 1. The woman who has no imagination has no wings

  • 1-strdup.c: C function that returns a pointer to a newly-allocated space in memory containing a copy of the string passed as parameter.
    • Returns a pointer to a new string which is a duplicate of the string str.
    • Memory for the new string is obtained with malloc and can be freed with free.
    • If str is NULL or insufficient memory was available - returns NULL.

• 2. He who is not courageous enough to take risks will accomplish nothing in life

  • 2-str_concat.c: C function that returns a pointer to a newly-allocated space in memory containing the concatenation of two strings passed as parameters.
    • The returned pointer contains the contents of s1 followed by s2 and is null-terminated.
    • The function treats NULL as an empty string.
    • If the function fails - returns NULL.

• 3. If you even dream of beating me you'd better wake up and apologize

  • 3-alloc_grid.c: C function that returns a pointer to a newly-allocated space in memory containing a two-dimensional array of integers.
    • Each element of the two-dimensional array is initialized to 0.
    • If the function fails or either of width or height is 0 or negative - returns NULL.

• 4. It's not bragging if you can back it up

  • 4-free_grid.c: C function that frees a two-dimensional array previsouly created by the alloc_grid function defined in 3-alloc_grid.c.
    • The program does not crash upon receiving invalid two-dimensional arrays.

• 5. It isn't the mountains ahead to climb that wear you out; it's the pebble in your shoe

  • 5-argstostr.c: C function that returns a pointer to a newly-allocated space in memory containing the concatenation of all the arguments of the program.
    • Each argument is followed by a \n in the new string.
    • If ac == 0, av == NULL, or the function fails - returns NULL.

• 6. I will show you how great I am

  • 100-strtow.c: C function that splits a string into words.
    • Returns a pointer to a newly-allocated space in memory containing an array of strings (words).
    • Each element of the array of strings contains a single word, null-terminated.
    • The last element of the returned array is NULL.
    • Words are separated by spaces.
    • If str == NULL, str == "", or the function fails - returns NULL.