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The Unity Machine Learning Agents Toolkit (ML-Agents) is an open-source project that enables games and simulations to serve as environments for training intelligent agents. We provide implementations (based on PyTorch) of state-of-the-art algorithms to enable game developers and hobbyists to easily train intelligent agents for 2D, 3D and VR/AR games. Researchers can also use the provided simple-to-use Python API to train Agents using reinforcement learning, imitation learning, neuroevolution, or any other methods. These trained agents can be used for multiple purposes, including controlling NPC behavior (in a variety of settings such as multi-agent and adversarial), automated testing of game builds and evaluating different game design decisions pre-release. The ML-Agents Toolkit is mutually beneficial for both game developers and AI researchers as it provides a central platform where advances in AI can be evaluated on Unity’s rich environments and then made accessible to the wider research and game developer communities.
- 17+ example Unity environments
- Support for multiple environment configurations and training scenarios
- Flexible Unity SDK that can be integrated into your game or custom Unity scene
- Support for training single-agent, multi-agent cooperative, and multi-agent competitive scenarios via several Deep Reinforcement Learning algorithms (PPO, SAC, MA-POCA, self-play).
- Support for learning from demonstrations through two Imitation Learning algorithms (BC and GAIL).
- Quickly and easily add your own custom training algorithm and/or components.
- Easily definable Curriculum Learning scenarios for complex tasks
- Train robust agents using environment randomization
- Flexible agent control with On Demand Decision Making
- Train using multiple concurrent Unity environment instances
- Utilizes the Sentis to provide native cross-platform support
- Unity environment control from Python
- Wrap Unity learning environments as a gym environment
- Wrap Unity learning environments as a PettingZoo environment
See our ML-Agents Overview page for detailed descriptions of all these features. Or go straight to our web docs.
Our latest, stable release is Release 21. Click
here
to get started with the latest release of ML-Agents.
You can also check out our new web docs!
The table below lists all our releases, including our main branch which is
under active development and may be unstable. A few helpful guidelines:
- The Versioning page overviews how we manage our GitHub releases and the versioning process for each of the ML-Agents components.
- The Releases page contains details of the changes between releases.
- The Migration page contains details on how to upgrade from earlier releases of the ML-Agents Toolkit.
- The Documentation links in the table below include installation and usage instructions specific to each release. Remember to always use the documentation that corresponds to the release version you're using.
- The
com.unity.ml-agentspackage is verified for Unity 2020.1 and later. Verified packages releases are numbered 1.0.x.
| Version | Release Date | Source | Documentation | Download | Python Package | Unity Package |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| develop (unstable) | -- | source | docs | download | -- | -- |
| Release 21 | October 9, 2023 | source | docs | download | 1.0.0 | 3.0.0 |
If you are a researcher interested in a discussion of Unity as an AI platform, see a pre-print of our reference paper on Unity and the ML-Agents Toolkit.
If you use Unity or the ML-Agents Toolkit to conduct research, we ask that you cite the following paper as a reference:
@article{juliani2020,
title={Unity: A general platform for intelligent agents},
author={Juliani, Arthur and Berges, Vincent-Pierre and Teng, Ervin and Cohen, Andrew and Harper, Jonathan and Elion, Chris and Goy, Chris and Gao, Yuan and Henry, Hunter and Mattar, Marwan and Lange, Danny},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:1809.02627},
url={https://arxiv.org/pdf/1809.02627.pdf},
year={2020}
}
Additionally, if you use the MA-POCA trainer in your research, we ask that you cite the following paper as a reference:
@article{cohen2022,
title={On the Use and Misuse of Absorbing States in Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning},
author={Cohen, Andrew and Teng, Ervin and Berges, Vincent-Pierre and Dong, Ruo-Ping and Henry, Hunter and Mattar, Marwan and Zook, Alexander and Ganguly, Sujoy},
journal={RL in Games Workshop AAAI 2022},
url={http://aaai-rlg.mlanctot.info/papers/AAAI22-RLG_paper_32.pdf},
year={2022}
}
We have a Unity Learn course, ML-Agents: Hummingbirds, that provides a gentle introduction to Unity and the ML-Agents Toolkit.
We've also partnered with CodeMonkeyUnity to create a series of tutorial videos on how to implement and use the ML-Agents Toolkit.
We have also published a series of blog posts that are relevant for ML-Agents:
- (July 12, 2021) ML-Agents plays Dodgeball
- (May 5, 2021) ML-Agents v2.0 release: Now supports training complex cooperative behaviors
- (December 28, 2020) Happy holidays from the Unity ML-Agents team!
- (November 20, 2020) How Eidos-Montréal created Grid Sensors to improve observations for training agents
- (November 11, 2020) 2020 AI@Unity interns shoutout
- (May 12, 2020) Announcing ML-Agents Unity Package v1.0!
- (February 28, 2020) Training intelligent adversaries using self-play with ML-Agents
- (November 11, 2019) Training your agents 7 times faster with ML-Agents
- (October 21, 2019) The AI@Unity interns help shape the world
- (April 15, 2019) Unity ML-Agents Toolkit v0.8: Faster training on real games
- (March 1, 2019) Unity ML-Agents Toolkit v0.7: A leap towards cross-platform inference
- (December 17, 2018) ML-Agents Toolkit v0.6: Improved usability of Brains and Imitation Learning
- (October 2, 2018) Puppo, The Corgi: Cuteness Overload with the Unity ML-Agents Toolkit
- (September 11, 2018) ML-Agents Toolkit v0.5, new resources for AI researchers available now
- (June 26, 2018) Solving sparse-reward tasks with Curiosity
- (June 19, 2018) Unity ML-Agents Toolkit v0.4 and Udacity Deep Reinforcement Learning Nanodegree
- (May 24, 2018) Imitation Learning in Unity: The Workflow
- (March 15, 2018) ML-Agents Toolkit v0.3 Beta released: Imitation Learning, feedback-driven features, and more
- (December 11, 2017) Using Machine Learning Agents in a real game: a beginner’s guide
- (December 8, 2017) Introducing ML-Agents Toolkit v0.2: Curriculum Learning, new environments, and more
- (September 19, 2017) Introducing: Unity Machine Learning Agents Toolkit
- Overviewing reinforcement learning concepts (multi-armed bandit and Q-learning)
The ML-Agents Toolkit is an open-source project and we encourage and welcome contributions. If you wish to contribute, be sure to review our contribution guidelines and code of conduct.
For problems with the installation and setup of the ML-Agents Toolkit, or discussions about how to best setup or train your agents, please create a new thread on the Unity ML-Agents forum and make sure to include as much detail as possible. If you run into any other problems using the ML-Agents Toolkit or have a specific feature request, please submit a GitHub issue.
Please tell us which samples you would like to see shipped with the ML-Agents Unity package by replying to this forum thread.
Your opinion matters a great deal to us. Only by hearing your thoughts on the Unity ML-Agents Toolkit can we continue to improve and grow. Please take a few minutes to let us know about it.
For any other questions or feedback, connect directly with the ML-Agents team at [email protected].
In order to improve the developer experience for Unity ML-Agents Toolkit, we have added in-editor analytics. Please refer to "Information that is passively collected by Unity" in the Unity Privacy Policy.