diff --git a/tests/fixtures.py b/tests/fixtures.py
index aa6ffac9..bbd9854b 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures.py
+++ b/tests/fixtures.py
@@ -243,6 +243,32 @@ def setUp(self):
         build_files(EggInfoPkgPipInstalledNoModules.files, prefix=self.site_dir)
 
 
+class EggInfoPkgSourcesFallback(OnSysPath, SiteDir):
+    files: FilesDef = {
+        "starved_egg_pkg.egg-info": {
+            "PKG-INFO": "Name: starved_egg-pkg",
+            # SOURCES.txt is made from the source archive, and contains files
+            # (setup.py) that are not present after installation.
+            "SOURCES.txt": """
+                starved_egg_pkg.py
+                setup.py
+                starved_egg_pkg.egg-info/PKG-INFO
+                starved_egg_pkg.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
+            """,
+            # missing installed-files.txt (i.e. not installed by pip)
+            # missing top_level.txt
+        },
+        "starved_egg_pkg.py": """
+            def main():
+                print("hello world")
+            """,
+    }
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        super().setUp()
+        build_files(EggInfoPkgSourcesFallback.files, prefix=self.site_dir)
+
+
 class EggInfoFile(OnSysPath, SiteDir):
     files: FilesDef = {
         "egginfo_file.egg-info": """
diff --git a/tests/test_api.py b/tests/test_api.py
index 3bf4a41f..1f0f79ab 100644
--- a/tests/test_api.py
+++ b/tests/test_api.py
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ def suppress_known_deprecation():
 class APITests(
     fixtures.EggInfoPkg,
     fixtures.EggInfoPkgPipInstalledNoModules,
+    fixtures.EggInfoPkgSourcesFallback,
     fixtures.DistInfoPkg,
     fixtures.DistInfoPkgWithDot,
     fixtures.EggInfoFile,
@@ -185,6 +186,7 @@ def test_files_dist_info(self):
     def test_files_egg_info(self):
         self._test_files(files('egginfo-pkg'))
         self._test_files(files('empty_egg-pkg'))
+        self._test_files(files('starved_egg-pkg'))
 
     def test_version_egg_info_file(self):
         self.assertEqual(version('egginfo-file'), '0.1')
diff --git a/tests/test_main.py b/tests/test_main.py
index 4d28fa26..e08a7609 100644
--- a/tests/test_main.py
+++ b/tests/test_main.py
@@ -173,6 +173,7 @@ def test_metadata_loads_egg_info(self):
 class DiscoveryTests(
     fixtures.EggInfoPkg,
     fixtures.EggInfoPkgPipInstalledNoModules,
+    fixtures.EggInfoPkgSourcesFallback,
     fixtures.DistInfoPkg,
     unittest.TestCase,
 ):
@@ -181,6 +182,7 @@ def test_package_discovery(self):
         assert all(isinstance(dist, Distribution) for dist in dists)
         assert any(dist.metadata['Name'] == 'egginfo-pkg' for dist in dists)
         assert any(dist.metadata['Name'] == 'empty_egg-pkg' for dist in dists)
+        assert any(dist.metadata['Name'] == 'starved_egg-pkg' for dist in dists)
         assert any(dist.metadata['Name'] == 'distinfo-pkg' for dist in dists)
 
     def test_invalid_usage(self):
@@ -312,6 +314,7 @@ def test_packages_distributions_example2(self):
 class PackagesDistributionsTest(
     fixtures.EggInfoPkg,
     fixtures.EggInfoPkgPipInstalledNoModules,
+    fixtures.EggInfoPkgSourcesFallback,
     fixtures.OnSysPath,
     fixtures.SiteDir,
     unittest.TestCase,
@@ -353,3 +356,7 @@ def import_names_from_package(package_name):
         # empty_egg-pkg should not be associated with any import names
         # (top_level.txt is empty, and installed-files.txt has no .py files)
         assert import_names_from_package('empty_egg-pkg') == set()
+
+        # starved_egg-pkg has one import ('starved_egg_pkg') inferred
+        # from SOURCES.txt (top_level.txt is missing)
+        assert import_names_from_package('starved_egg-pkg') == {'starved_egg_pkg'}