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endpoint.rs
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endpoint.rs
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// Copyright 2017-2020 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
// to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
// the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
// and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
// Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
// FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
use crate::{
provider::Provider,
transport::{ProtocolVersion, SocketFamily},
ConnectError, Connection, Error,
};
use bytes::BytesMut;
use futures::{
channel::{mpsc, oneshot},
prelude::*,
};
use quinn_proto::VarInt;
use std::{
collections::HashMap,
net::{Ipv4Addr, Ipv6Addr, SocketAddr},
ops::ControlFlow,
pin::Pin,
sync::Arc,
task::{Context, Poll},
time::{Duration, Instant},
};
// The `Driver` drops packets if the channel to the connection
// or transport is full.
// Set capacity 10 to avoid unnecessary packet drops if the receiver
// is only very briefly busy, but not buffer a large amount of packets
// if it is blocked longer.
const CHANNEL_CAPACITY: usize = 10;
/// Config for the transport.
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct Config {
/// Timeout for the initial handshake when establishing a connection.
/// The actual timeout is the minimum of this an the [`Config::max_idle_timeout`].
pub handshake_timeout: Duration,
/// Maximum duration of inactivity in ms to accept before timing out the connection.
pub max_idle_timeout: u32,
/// Period of inactivity before sending a keep-alive packet.
/// Must be set lower than the idle_timeout of both
/// peers to be effective.
///
/// See [`quinn_proto::TransportConfig::keep_alive_interval`] for more
/// info.
pub keep_alive_interval: Duration,
/// Maximum number of incoming bidirectional streams that may be open
/// concurrently by the remote peer.
pub max_concurrent_stream_limit: u32,
/// Max unacknowledged data in bytes that may be send on a single stream.
pub max_stream_data: u32,
/// Max unacknowledged data in bytes that may be send in total on all streams
/// of a connection.
pub max_connection_data: u32,
/// Support QUIC version draft-29 for dialing and listening.
///
/// Per default only QUIC Version 1 / [`libp2p_core::multiaddr::Protocol::QuicV1`]
/// is supported.
///
/// If support for draft-29 is enabled servers support draft-29 and version 1 on all
/// QUIC listening addresses.
/// As client the version is chosen based on the remote's address.
pub support_draft_29: bool,
/// TLS client config for the inner [`quinn_proto::ClientConfig`].
client_tls_config: Arc<rustls::ClientConfig>,
/// TLS server config for the inner [`quinn_proto::ServerConfig`].
server_tls_config: Arc<rustls::ServerConfig>,
}
impl Config {
/// Creates a new configuration object with default values.
pub fn new(keypair: &libp2p_identity::Keypair) -> Self {
let client_tls_config = Arc::new(libp2p_tls::make_client_config(keypair, None).unwrap());
let server_tls_config = Arc::new(libp2p_tls::make_server_config(keypair).unwrap());
Self {
client_tls_config,
server_tls_config,
support_draft_29: false,
handshake_timeout: Duration::from_secs(5),
max_idle_timeout: 30 * 1000,
max_concurrent_stream_limit: 256,
keep_alive_interval: Duration::from_secs(15),
max_connection_data: 15_000_000,
// Ensure that one stream is not consuming the whole connection.
max_stream_data: 10_000_000,
}
}
}
/// Represents the inner configuration for [`quinn_proto`].
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub(crate) struct QuinnConfig {
client_config: quinn_proto::ClientConfig,
server_config: Arc<quinn_proto::ServerConfig>,
endpoint_config: Arc<quinn_proto::EndpointConfig>,
}
impl From<Config> for QuinnConfig {
fn from(config: Config) -> QuinnConfig {
let Config {
client_tls_config,
server_tls_config,
max_idle_timeout,
max_concurrent_stream_limit,
keep_alive_interval,
max_connection_data,
max_stream_data,
support_draft_29,
handshake_timeout: _,
} = config;
let mut transport = quinn_proto::TransportConfig::default();
// Disable uni-directional streams.
transport.max_concurrent_uni_streams(0u32.into());
transport.max_concurrent_bidi_streams(max_concurrent_stream_limit.into());
// Disable datagrams.
transport.datagram_receive_buffer_size(None);
transport.keep_alive_interval(Some(keep_alive_interval));
transport.max_idle_timeout(Some(VarInt::from_u32(max_idle_timeout).into()));
transport.allow_spin(false);
transport.stream_receive_window(max_stream_data.into());
transport.receive_window(max_connection_data.into());
let transport = Arc::new(transport);
let mut server_config = quinn_proto::ServerConfig::with_crypto(server_tls_config);
server_config.transport = Arc::clone(&transport);
// Disables connection migration.
// Long-term this should be enabled, however we then need to handle address change
// on connections in the `Connection`.
server_config.migration(false);
let mut client_config = quinn_proto::ClientConfig::new(client_tls_config);
client_config.transport_config(transport);
let mut endpoint_config = quinn_proto::EndpointConfig::default();
if !support_draft_29 {
endpoint_config.supported_versions(vec![1]);
}
QuinnConfig {
client_config,
server_config: Arc::new(server_config),
endpoint_config: Arc::new(endpoint_config),
}
}
}
/// Channel used to send commands to the [`Driver`].
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub(crate) struct Channel {
/// Channel to the background of the endpoint.
to_endpoint: mpsc::Sender<ToEndpoint>,
/// Address that the socket is bound to.
/// Note: this may be a wildcard ip address.
socket_addr: SocketAddr,
}
impl Channel {
/// Builds a new endpoint that is listening on the [`SocketAddr`].
pub(crate) fn new_bidirectional<P: Provider>(
quinn_config: QuinnConfig,
socket_addr: SocketAddr,
) -> Result<(Self, mpsc::Receiver<Connection>), Error> {
// Channel for forwarding new inbound connections to the listener.
let (new_connections_tx, new_connections_rx) = mpsc::channel(CHANNEL_CAPACITY);
let endpoint = Self::new::<P>(quinn_config, socket_addr, Some(new_connections_tx))?;
Ok((endpoint, new_connections_rx))
}
/// Builds a new endpoint that only supports outbound connections.
pub(crate) fn new_dialer<P: Provider>(
quinn_config: QuinnConfig,
socket_family: SocketFamily,
) -> Result<Self, Error> {
let socket_addr = match socket_family {
SocketFamily::Ipv4 => SocketAddr::new(Ipv4Addr::UNSPECIFIED.into(), 0),
SocketFamily::Ipv6 => SocketAddr::new(Ipv6Addr::UNSPECIFIED.into(), 0),
};
Self::new::<P>(quinn_config, socket_addr, None)
}
/// Spawn a new [`Driver`] that runs in the background.
fn new<P: Provider>(
quinn_config: QuinnConfig,
socket_addr: SocketAddr,
new_connections: Option<mpsc::Sender<Connection>>,
) -> Result<Self, Error> {
let socket = std::net::UdpSocket::bind(socket_addr)?;
// NOT blocking, as per man:bind(2), as we pass an IP address.
socket.set_nonblocking(true)?;
// Capacity 0 to back-pressure the rest of the application if
// the udp socket is busy.
let (to_endpoint_tx, to_endpoint_rx) = mpsc::channel(0);
let channel = Self {
to_endpoint: to_endpoint_tx,
socket_addr: socket.local_addr()?,
};
let server_config = new_connections
.is_some()
.then_some(quinn_config.server_config);
let provider_socket = P::from_socket(socket)?;
let driver = Driver::<P>::new(
quinn_config.endpoint_config,
quinn_config.client_config,
new_connections,
server_config,
channel.clone(),
provider_socket,
to_endpoint_rx,
);
// Drive the endpoint future in the background.
P::spawn(driver);
Ok(channel)
}
pub(crate) fn socket_addr(&self) -> &SocketAddr {
&self.socket_addr
}
/// Try to send a message to the background task without blocking.
///
/// This first polls the channel for capacity.
/// If the channel is full, the message is returned in `Ok(Err(_))`
/// and the context's waker is registered for wake-up.
///
/// If the background task crashed `Err` is returned.
pub(crate) fn try_send(
&mut self,
to_endpoint: ToEndpoint,
cx: &mut Context<'_>,
) -> Result<Result<(), ToEndpoint>, Disconnected> {
match self.to_endpoint.poll_ready_unpin(cx) {
Poll::Ready(Ok(())) => {}
Poll::Ready(Err(e)) => {
debug_assert!(
e.is_disconnected(),
"mpsc::Sender can only be disconnected when calling `poll_ready_unpin"
);
return Err(Disconnected {});
}
Poll::Pending => return Ok(Err(to_endpoint)),
};
if let Err(e) = self.to_endpoint.start_send(to_endpoint) {
debug_assert!(e.is_disconnected(), "We called `Sink::poll_ready` so we are guaranteed to have a slot. If this fails, it means we are disconnected.");
return Err(Disconnected {});
}
Ok(Ok(()))
}
pub(crate) async fn send(&mut self, to_endpoint: ToEndpoint) -> Result<(), Disconnected> {
self.to_endpoint
.send(to_endpoint)
.await
.map_err(|_| Disconnected {})
}
/// Send a message to inform the [`Driver`] about an
/// event caused by the owner of this [`Channel`] dropping.
/// This clones the sender to the endpoint to guarantee delivery.
/// This should *not* be called for regular messages.
pub(crate) fn send_on_drop(&mut self, to_endpoint: ToEndpoint) {
let _ = self.to_endpoint.clone().try_send(to_endpoint);
}
}
#[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
#[error("Background task disconnected")]
pub(crate) struct Disconnected {}
/// Message sent to the endpoint background task.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub(crate) enum ToEndpoint {
/// Instruct the [`quinn_proto::Endpoint`] to start connecting to the given address.
Dial {
/// UDP address to connect to.
addr: SocketAddr,
/// Version to dial the remote on.
version: ProtocolVersion,
/// Channel to return the result of the dialing to.
result: oneshot::Sender<Result<Connection, Error>>,
},
/// Send by a [`quinn_proto::Connection`] when the endpoint needs to process an event generated
/// by a connection. The event itself is opaque to us. Only `quinn_proto` knows what is in
/// there.
ProcessConnectionEvent {
connection_id: quinn_proto::ConnectionHandle,
event: quinn_proto::EndpointEvent,
},
/// Instruct the endpoint to send a packet of data on its UDP socket.
SendUdpPacket(quinn_proto::Transmit),
/// The [`GenTransport`][crate::GenTransport] dialer or listener coupled to this endpoint
/// was dropped.
/// Once all pending connections are closed, the [`Driver`] should shut down.
Decoupled,
}
/// Driver that runs in the background for as long as the endpoint is alive. Responsible for
/// processing messages and the UDP socket.
///
/// # Behaviour
///
/// This background task is responsible for the following:
///
/// - Sending packets on the UDP socket.
/// - Receiving packets from the UDP socket and feed them to the [`quinn_proto::Endpoint`] state
/// machine.
/// - Transmitting events generated by the [`quinn_proto::Endpoint`] to the corresponding
/// [`crate::Connection`].
/// - Receiving messages from the `rx` and processing the requested actions. This includes
/// UDP packets to send and events emitted by the [`crate::Connection`] objects.
/// - Sending new connections on `new_connection_tx`.
///
/// When it comes to channels, there exists three main multi-producer-single-consumer channels
/// in play:
///
/// - One channel, represented by `EndpointChannel::to_endpoint` and `Driver::rx`,
/// that communicates messages from [`Channel`] to the [`Driver`].
/// - One channel for each existing connection that communicates messages from the
/// [`Driver` to that [`crate::Connection`].
/// - One channel for the [`Driver`] to send newly-opened connections to. The receiving
/// side is processed by the [`GenTransport`][crate::GenTransport].
///
///
/// ## Back-pressure
///
/// ### If writing to the UDP socket is blocked
///
/// In order to avoid an unbounded buffering of events, we prioritize sending data on the UDP
/// socket over everything else. Messages from the rest of the application sent through the
/// [`Channel`] are only processed if the UDP socket is ready so that we propagate back-pressure
/// in case of a busy socket. For connections, thus this eventually also back-pressures the
/// `AsyncWrite`on substreams.
///
///
/// ### Back-pressuring the remote if the application is busy
///
/// If the channel to a connection is full because the connection is busy, inbound datagrams
/// for that connection are dropped so that the remote is backpressured.
/// The same applies for new connections if the transport is too busy to received it.
///
///
/// # Shutdown
///
/// The background task shuts down if an [`ToEndpoint::Decoupled`] event was received and the
/// last active connection has drained.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub(crate) struct Driver<P: Provider> {
// The actual QUIC state machine.
endpoint: quinn_proto::Endpoint,
// QuinnConfig for client connections.
client_config: quinn_proto::ClientConfig,
// Copy of the channel to the endpoint driver that is passed to each new connection.
channel: Channel,
// Channel to receive messages from the transport or connections.
rx: mpsc::Receiver<ToEndpoint>,
// Socket for sending and receiving datagrams.
provider_socket: P,
// Future for writing the next packet to the socket.
next_packet_out: Option<quinn_proto::Transmit>,
// List of all active connections, with a sender to notify them of events.
alive_connections:
HashMap<quinn_proto::ConnectionHandle, mpsc::Sender<quinn_proto::ConnectionEvent>>,
// Channel to forward new inbound connections to the transport.
// `None` if server capabilities are disabled, i.e. the endpoint is only used for dialing.
new_connection_tx: Option<mpsc::Sender<Connection>>,
// Whether the transport dropped its handle for this endpoint.
is_decoupled: bool,
}
impl<P: Provider> Driver<P> {
fn new(
endpoint_config: Arc<quinn_proto::EndpointConfig>,
client_config: quinn_proto::ClientConfig,
new_connection_tx: Option<mpsc::Sender<Connection>>,
server_config: Option<Arc<quinn_proto::ServerConfig>>,
channel: Channel,
socket: P,
rx: mpsc::Receiver<ToEndpoint>,
) -> Self {
Driver {
endpoint: quinn_proto::Endpoint::new(endpoint_config, server_config, false),
client_config,
channel,
rx,
provider_socket: socket,
next_packet_out: None,
alive_connections: HashMap::new(),
new_connection_tx,
is_decoupled: false,
}
}
/// Handle a message sent from either the [`GenTransport`](super::GenTransport)
/// or a [`crate::Connection`].
fn handle_message(
&mut self,
to_endpoint: ToEndpoint,
) -> ControlFlow<(), Option<quinn_proto::Transmit>> {
match to_endpoint {
ToEndpoint::Dial {
addr,
result,
version,
} => {
let mut config = self.client_config.clone();
if version == ProtocolVersion::Draft29 {
config.version(0xff00_001d);
}
// This `"l"` seems necessary because an empty string is an invalid domain
// name. While we don't use domain names, the underlying rustls library
// is based upon the assumption that we do.
let (connection_id, connection) = match self.endpoint.connect(config, addr, "l") {
Ok(c) => c,
Err(err) => {
let _ = result.send(Err(ConnectError::from(err).into()));
return ControlFlow::Continue(None);
}
};
debug_assert_eq!(connection.side(), quinn_proto::Side::Client);
let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel(CHANNEL_CAPACITY);
let connection = Connection::from_quinn_connection(
self.channel.clone(),
connection,
connection_id,
rx,
);
self.alive_connections.insert(connection_id, tx);
let _ = result.send(Ok(connection));
}
// A connection wants to notify the endpoint of something.
ToEndpoint::ProcessConnectionEvent {
connection_id,
event,
} => {
let has_key = self.alive_connections.contains_key(&connection_id);
if !has_key {
return ControlFlow::Continue(None);
}
// We "drained" event indicates that the connection no longer exists and
// its ID can be reclaimed.
let is_drained_event = event.is_drained();
if is_drained_event {
self.alive_connections.remove(&connection_id);
if self.is_decoupled && self.alive_connections.is_empty() {
log::debug!(
"Driver is decoupled and no active connections remain. Shutting down."
);
return ControlFlow::Break(());
}
}
let event_back = self.endpoint.handle_event(connection_id, event);
if let Some(event_back) = event_back {
debug_assert!(!is_drained_event);
if let Some(sender) = self.alive_connections.get_mut(&connection_id) {
// We clone the sender to guarantee that there will be at least one
// free slot to send the event.
// The channel can not grow out of bound because an `event_back` is
// only sent if we previously received an event from the same connection.
// If the connection is busy, it won't sent us any more events to handle.
let _ = sender.clone().start_send(event_back);
} else {
log::error!("State mismatch: event for closed connection");
}
}
}
// Data needs to be sent on the UDP socket.
ToEndpoint::SendUdpPacket(transmit) => return ControlFlow::Continue(Some(transmit)),
ToEndpoint::Decoupled => self.handle_decoupling()?,
}
ControlFlow::Continue(None)
}
/// Handle an UDP datagram received on the socket.
/// The datagram content was written into the `socket_recv_buffer`.
fn handle_datagram(&mut self, packet: BytesMut, packet_src: SocketAddr) -> ControlFlow<()> {
let local_ip = self.channel.socket_addr.ip();
// TODO: ECN bits aren't handled
let (connec_id, event) =
match self
.endpoint
.handle(Instant::now(), packet_src, Some(local_ip), None, packet)
{
Some(event) => event,
None => return ControlFlow::Continue(()),
};
match event {
quinn_proto::DatagramEvent::ConnectionEvent(event) => {
// `event` has type `quinn_proto::ConnectionEvent`, which has multiple
// variants. `quinn_proto::Endpoint::handle` however only ever returns
// `ConnectionEvent::Datagram`.
debug_assert!(format!("{event:?}").contains("Datagram"));
// Redirect the datagram to its connection.
if let Some(sender) = self.alive_connections.get_mut(&connec_id) {
match sender.try_send(event) {
Ok(()) => {}
Err(err) if err.is_disconnected() => {
// Connection was dropped by the user.
// Inform the endpoint that this connection is drained.
self.endpoint
.handle_event(connec_id, quinn_proto::EndpointEvent::drained());
self.alive_connections.remove(&connec_id);
}
Err(err) if err.is_full() => {
// Connection is too busy. Drop the datagram to back-pressure the remote.
log::debug!(
"Dropping packet for connection {:?} because the connection's channel is full.",
connec_id
);
}
Err(_) => unreachable!("Error is either `Full` or `Disconnected`."),
}
} else {
log::error!("State mismatch: event for closed connection");
}
}
quinn_proto::DatagramEvent::NewConnection(connec) => {
// A new connection has been received. `connec_id` is a newly-allocated
// identifier.
debug_assert_eq!(connec.side(), quinn_proto::Side::Server);
let connection_tx = match self.new_connection_tx.as_mut() {
Some(tx) => tx,
None => {
debug_assert!(false, "Endpoint reported a new connection even though server capabilities are disabled.");
return ControlFlow::Continue(());
}
};
let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel(CHANNEL_CAPACITY);
let connection =
Connection::from_quinn_connection(self.channel.clone(), connec, connec_id, rx);
match connection_tx.start_send(connection) {
Ok(()) => {
self.alive_connections.insert(connec_id, tx);
}
Err(e) if e.is_disconnected() => self.handle_decoupling()?,
Err(e) if e.is_full() => log::warn!(
"Dropping new incoming connection {:?} because the channel to the listener is full",
connec_id
),
Err(_) => unreachable!("Error is either `Full` or `Disconnected`."),
}
}
}
ControlFlow::Continue(())
}
/// The transport dropped the channel to this [`Driver`].
fn handle_decoupling(&mut self) -> ControlFlow<()> {
if self.alive_connections.is_empty() {
return ControlFlow::Break(());
}
// Listener was closed.
self.endpoint.reject_new_connections();
self.new_connection_tx = None;
self.is_decoupled = true;
ControlFlow::Continue(())
}
}
/// Future that runs until the [`Driver`] is decoupled and not active connections
/// remain
impl<P: Provider> Future for Driver<P> {
type Output = ();
fn poll(mut self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
loop {
// Flush any pending pocket so that the socket is reading to write an next
// packet.
match self.provider_socket.poll_send_flush(cx) {
// The pending packet was send or no packet was pending.
Poll::Ready(Ok(_)) => {
// Start sending a packet on the socket.
if let Some(transmit) = self.next_packet_out.take() {
self.provider_socket
.start_send(transmit.contents.into(), transmit.destination);
continue;
}
// The endpoint might request packets to be sent out. This is handled in
// priority to avoid buffering up packets.
if let Some(transmit) = self.endpoint.poll_transmit() {
self.next_packet_out = Some(transmit);
continue;
}
// Handle messages from transport and connections.
match self.rx.poll_next_unpin(cx) {
Poll::Ready(Some(to_endpoint)) => match self.handle_message(to_endpoint) {
ControlFlow::Continue(Some(transmit)) => {
self.next_packet_out = Some(transmit);
continue;
}
ControlFlow::Continue(None) => continue,
ControlFlow::Break(()) => break,
},
Poll::Ready(None) => {
unreachable!("Sender side is never dropped or closed.")
}
Poll::Pending => {}
}
}
// Errors on the socket are expected to never happen, and we handle them by simply
// printing a log message. The packet gets discarded in case of error, but we are
// robust to packet losses and it is consequently not a logic error to proceed with
// normal operations.
Poll::Ready(Err(err)) => {
log::warn!("Error while sending on QUIC UDP socket: {:?}", err);
continue;
}
Poll::Pending => {}
}
// Poll for new packets from the remote.
match self.provider_socket.poll_recv_from(cx) {
Poll::Ready(Ok((bytes, packet_src))) => {
let bytes_mut = bytes.as_slice().into();
match self.handle_datagram(bytes_mut, packet_src) {
ControlFlow::Continue(()) => continue,
ControlFlow::Break(()) => break,
}
}
// Errors on the socket are expected to never happen, and we handle them by
// simply printing a log message.
Poll::Ready(Err(err)) => {
log::warn!("Error while receive on QUIC UDP socket: {:?}", err);
continue;
}
Poll::Pending => {}
}
return Poll::Pending;
}
Poll::Ready(())
}
}