diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 54f81deba..5affb577a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -14,39 +14,54 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         include:
-          - os: ubuntu-22.04
+          - os: ubuntu-24.04
             container: rockylinux:8
             nodejs_arch: x64
             nodejs_version: "^18.17.0"
             nodejs_version_major: 18
             platform: linux-x64
             prebuild: true
-          - os: ubuntu-22.04
+          - os: ubuntu-24.04
             container: rockylinux:8
             nodejs_arch: x64
             nodejs_version: "^20.3.0"
             nodejs_version_major: 20
             platform: linux-x64
-          - os: ubuntu-22.04
+          - os: ubuntu-24.04
+            container: rockylinux:8
+            nodejs_arch: x64
+            nodejs_version: "^22.9.0"
+            nodejs_version_major: 22
+            platform: linux-x64
+          - os: ubuntu-24.04
             container: node:18-alpine3.17
             nodejs_version_major: 18
             platform: linuxmusl-x64
             prebuild: true
-          - os: ubuntu-22.04
+          - os: ubuntu-24.04
             container: node:20-alpine3.18
             nodejs_version_major: 20
             platform: linuxmusl-x64
-          - os: macos-12
+          - os: ubuntu-24.04
+            container: node:22-alpine3.20
+            nodejs_version_major: 22
+            platform: linuxmusl-x64
+          - os: macos-13
             nodejs_arch: x64
             nodejs_version: "^18.17.0"
             nodejs_version_major: 18
             platform: darwin-x64
             prebuild: true
-          - os: macos-12
+          - os: macos-13
             nodejs_arch: x64
             nodejs_version: "^20.3.0"
             nodejs_version_major: 20
             platform: darwin-x64
+          - os: macos-13
+            nodejs_arch: x64
+            nodejs_version: "^22.9.0"
+            nodejs_version_major: 22
+            platform: darwin-x64
           - os: macos-14
             nodejs_arch: arm64
             nodejs_version: "^18.17.0"
@@ -58,6 +73,11 @@ jobs:
             nodejs_version: "^20.3.0"
             nodejs_version_major: 20
             platform: darwin-arm64
+          - os: macos-14
+            nodejs_arch: arm64
+            nodejs_version: "^22.9.0"
+            nodejs_version_major: 22
+            platform: darwin-arm64
           - os: windows-2019
             nodejs_arch: x86
             nodejs_version: "18.18.2" # pinned to avoid 18.19.0 and npm 10
@@ -69,6 +89,11 @@ jobs:
             nodejs_version: "^20.3.0"
             nodejs_version_major: 20
             platform: win32-ia32
+          - os: windows-2019
+            nodejs_arch: x86
+            nodejs_version: "^22.9.0"
+            nodejs_version_major: 22
+            platform: win32-ia32
           - os: windows-2019
             nodejs_arch: x64
             nodejs_version: "^18.17.0"
@@ -80,6 +105,11 @@ jobs:
             nodejs_version: "^20.3.0"
             nodejs_version_major: 20
             platform: win32-x64
+          - os: windows-2019
+            nodejs_arch: x64
+            nodejs_version: "^22.9.0"
+            nodejs_version_major: 22
+            platform: win32-x64
     steps:
       - name: Dependencies (Rocky Linux glibc)
         if: contains(matrix.container, 'rockylinux')
@@ -125,7 +155,7 @@ jobs:
     permissions:
       contents: write
     name: ${{ matrix.platform }} - Node.js ${{ matrix.nodejs_version_major }} - prebuild
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
@@ -177,8 +207,8 @@ jobs:
     permissions:
       contents: write
     name: wasm32 - prebuild
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
-    container: "emscripten/emsdk:3.1.68"
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    container: "emscripten/emsdk:3.1.70"
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
diff --git a/.github/workflows/npm.yml b/.github/workflows/npm.yml
index a5a805183..f74916713 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/npm.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/npm.yml
@@ -16,57 +16,57 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         include:
           - name: linux-x64-node-npm
-            runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+            runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
             runtime: node
             package-manager: npm
           - name: linux-x64-node-pnpm
-            runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+            runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
             runtime: node
             package-manager: pnpm
           - name: linux-x64-node-yarn
-            runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+            runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
             runtime: node
             package-manager: yarn
           - name: linux-x64-node-yarn-pnp
-            runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+            runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
             runtime: node
             package-manager: yarn-pnp
           - name: linux-x64-node-yarn-v1
-            runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+            runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
             runtime: node
             package-manager: yarn-v1
           - name: linux-x64-deno
-            runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+            runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
             runtime: deno
           - name: linux-x64-bun
-            runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+            runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
             runtime: bun
 
           - name: darwin-x64-node-npm
-            runs-on: macos-12
+            runs-on: macos-13
             runtime: node
             package-manager: npm
           - name: darwin-x64-node-pnpm
-            runs-on: macos-12
+            runs-on: macos-13
             runtime: node
             package-manager: pnpm
           - name: darwin-x64-node-yarn
-            runs-on: macos-12
+            runs-on: macos-13
             runtime: node
             package-manager: yarn
           - name: darwin-x64-node-yarn-pnp
-            runs-on: macos-12
+            runs-on: macos-13
             runtime: node
             package-manager: yarn-pnp
           - name: darwin-x64-node-yarn-v1
-            runs-on: macos-12
+            runs-on: macos-13
             runtime: node
             package-manager: yarn-v1
           - name: darwin-x64-deno
-            runs-on: macos-12
+            runs-on: macos-13
             runtime: deno
           - name: darwin-x64-bun
-            runs-on: macos-12
+            runs-on: macos-13
             runtime: bun
 
           - name: win32-x64-node-npm
diff --git a/docs/changelog.md b/docs/changelog.md
index 283469d18..4f86aaf1f 100644
--- a/docs/changelog.md
+++ b/docs/changelog.md
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 ## v0.34 - *hat*
 
-Requires libvips v8.16.0-rc1
+Requires libvips v8.16.0-rc2
 
 ### v0.33.6 - TBD
 
diff --git a/npm/darwin-arm64/package.json b/npm/darwin-arm64/package.json
index 97ef71d1c..15a0e6e26 100644
--- a/npm/darwin-arm64/package.json
+++ b/npm/darwin-arm64/package.json
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
   },
   "preferUnplugged": true,
   "optionalDependencies": {
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-arm64": "1.1.0-rc1"
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-arm64": "1.1.0-rc2"
   },
   "files": [
     "lib"
diff --git a/npm/darwin-x64/package.json b/npm/darwin-x64/package.json
index ec40a8453..20cb21e82 100644
--- a/npm/darwin-x64/package.json
+++ b/npm/darwin-x64/package.json
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
   },
   "preferUnplugged": true,
   "optionalDependencies": {
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-x64": "1.1.0-rc1"
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-x64": "1.1.0-rc2"
   },
   "files": [
     "lib"
diff --git a/npm/linux-arm/package.json b/npm/linux-arm/package.json
index 4df197fd8..43581b309 100644
--- a/npm/linux-arm/package.json
+++ b/npm/linux-arm/package.json
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
   },
   "preferUnplugged": true,
   "optionalDependencies": {
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm": "1.1.0-rc1"
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm": "1.1.0-rc2"
   },
   "files": [
     "lib"
diff --git a/npm/linux-arm64/package.json b/npm/linux-arm64/package.json
index 47547d4dc..f645e34bb 100644
--- a/npm/linux-arm64/package.json
+++ b/npm/linux-arm64/package.json
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
   },
   "preferUnplugged": true,
   "optionalDependencies": {
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm64": "1.1.0-rc1"
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm64": "1.1.0-rc2"
   },
   "files": [
     "lib"
diff --git a/npm/linux-ppc64/package.json b/npm/linux-ppc64/package.json
index 07a38f1cd..c0119404b 100644
--- a/npm/linux-ppc64/package.json
+++ b/npm/linux-ppc64/package.json
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
   },
   "preferUnplugged": true,
   "optionalDependencies": {
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-ppc64": "1.1.0-rc1"
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-ppc64": "1.1.0-rc2"
   },
   "files": [
     "lib"
diff --git a/npm/linux-s390x/package.json b/npm/linux-s390x/package.json
index fa302a82c..ccce64d32 100644
--- a/npm/linux-s390x/package.json
+++ b/npm/linux-s390x/package.json
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
   },
   "preferUnplugged": true,
   "optionalDependencies": {
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-s390x": "1.1.0-rc1"
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-s390x": "1.1.0-rc2"
   },
   "files": [
     "lib"
diff --git a/npm/linux-x64/package.json b/npm/linux-x64/package.json
index 8b09cc1f4..b120b94a5 100644
--- a/npm/linux-x64/package.json
+++ b/npm/linux-x64/package.json
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
   },
   "preferUnplugged": true,
   "optionalDependencies": {
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-x64": "1.1.0-rc1"
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-x64": "1.1.0-rc2"
   },
   "files": [
     "lib"
diff --git a/npm/linuxmusl-arm64/package.json b/npm/linuxmusl-arm64/package.json
index 21ec0a3a7..5aa1e30b6 100644
--- a/npm/linuxmusl-arm64/package.json
+++ b/npm/linuxmusl-arm64/package.json
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
   },
   "preferUnplugged": true,
   "optionalDependencies": {
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-arm64": "1.1.0-rc1"
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-arm64": "1.1.0-rc2"
   },
   "files": [
     "lib"
diff --git a/npm/linuxmusl-x64/package.json b/npm/linuxmusl-x64/package.json
index 39b89dec5..1228c1394 100644
--- a/npm/linuxmusl-x64/package.json
+++ b/npm/linuxmusl-x64/package.json
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
   },
   "preferUnplugged": true,
   "optionalDependencies": {
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-x64": "1.1.0-rc1"
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-x64": "1.1.0-rc2"
   },
   "files": [
     "lib"
diff --git a/npm/wasm32/package.json b/npm/wasm32/package.json
index 6e869887e..1e707dfd2 100644
--- a/npm/wasm32/package.json
+++ b/npm/wasm32/package.json
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
     "node": "^18.17.0 || ^20.3.0 || >=21.0.0"
   },
   "dependencies": {
-    "@emnapi/runtime": "^1.2.0"
+    "@emnapi/runtime": "^1.3.1"
   },
   "cpu": [
     "wasm32"
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index cd166c5dd..790d835c5 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -144,15 +144,15 @@
   "optionalDependencies": {
     "@img/sharp-darwin-arm64": "0.33.5",
     "@img/sharp-darwin-x64": "0.33.5",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-arm64": "1.1.0-rc1",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-x64": "1.1.0-rc1",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm": "1.1.0-rc1",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm64": "1.1.0-rc1",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-ppc64": "1.1.0-rc1",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-s390x": "1.1.0-rc1",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-x64": "1.1.0-rc1",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-arm64": "1.1.0-rc1",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-x64": "1.1.0-rc1",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-arm64": "1.1.0-rc2",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-darwin-x64": "1.1.0-rc2",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm": "1.1.0-rc2",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-arm64": "1.1.0-rc2",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-ppc64": "1.1.0-rc2",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-s390x": "1.1.0-rc2",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linux-x64": "1.1.0-rc2",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-arm64": "1.1.0-rc2",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-linuxmusl-x64": "1.1.0-rc2",
     "@img/sharp-linux-arm": "0.33.5",
     "@img/sharp-linux-arm64": "0.33.5",
     "@img/sharp-linux-s390x": "0.33.5",
@@ -164,22 +164,22 @@
     "@img/sharp-win32-x64": "0.33.5"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@emnapi/runtime": "^1.2.0",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-dev": "1.1.0-rc1",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-dev-wasm32": "1.1.0-rc1",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-win32-ia32": "1.1.0-rc1",
-    "@img/sharp-libvips-win32-x64": "1.1.0-rc1",
+    "@emnapi/runtime": "^1.3.1",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-dev": "1.1.0-rc2",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-dev-wasm32": "1.1.0-rc2",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-win32-ia32": "1.1.0-rc2",
+    "@img/sharp-libvips-win32-x64": "1.1.0-rc2",
     "@types/node": "*",
     "cc": "^3.0.1",
-    "emnapi": "^1.2.0",
+    "emnapi": "^1.3.1",
     "exif-reader": "^2.0.1",
     "extract-zip": "^2.0.1",
     "icc": "^3.0.0",
-    "jsdoc-to-markdown": "^9.0.0",
+    "jsdoc-to-markdown": "^9.0.4",
     "license-checker": "^25.0.1",
     "mocha": "^10.7.3",
-    "node-addon-api": "^8.1.0",
-    "nyc": "^17.0.0",
+    "node-addon-api": "8.1.0",
+    "nyc": "^17.1.0",
     "prebuild": "^13.0.1",
     "semistandard": "^17.0.0",
     "tar-fs": "^3.0.6",
diff --git a/test/unit/failOn.js b/test/unit/failOn.js
index 51f4f4989..650ba057f 100644
--- a/test/unit/failOn.js
+++ b/test/unit/failOn.js
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ describe('failOn', () => {
 
   it('returns errors to callback for truncated JPEG', function (done) {
     sharp(fixtures.inputJpgTruncated, { failOn: 'truncated' }).toBuffer(function (err, data, info) {
-      assert.ok(err.message.includes('VipsJpeg: Premature end of'), err);
+      assert.ok(err.message.includes('VipsJpeg: premature end of'), err);
       assert.strictEqual(data, undefined);
       assert.strictEqual(info, undefined);
       done();
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ describe('failOn', () => {
         throw new Error('Expected rejection');
       })
       .catch(err => {
-        done(err.message.includes('VipsJpeg: Premature end of') ? undefined : err);
+        done(err.message.includes('VipsJpeg: premature end of') ? undefined : err);
       });
   });
 
diff --git a/test/unit/metadata.js b/test/unit/metadata.js
index 83fddf30f..ca8bc413c 100644
--- a/test/unit/metadata.js
+++ b/test/unit/metadata.js
@@ -931,7 +931,7 @@ describe('Image metadata', function () {
     sharp(fixtures.inputJpgWithCorruptHeader)
       .metadata(function (err) {
         assert.strictEqual(true, !!err);
-        assert.ok(err.message.includes('Input file has corrupt header: VipsJpeg: Premature end of'), err);
+        assert.ok(err.message.includes('Input file has corrupt header: VipsJpeg: premature end of'), err);
         done();
       });
   });
@@ -940,7 +940,7 @@ describe('Image metadata', function () {
     sharp(fs.readFileSync(fixtures.inputJpgWithCorruptHeader))
       .metadata(function (err) {
         assert.strictEqual(true, !!err);
-        assert.ok(err.message.includes('Input buffer has corrupt header: VipsJpeg: Premature end of'), err);
+        assert.ok(err.message.includes('Input buffer has corrupt header: VipsJpeg: premature end of'), err);
         done();
       });
   });