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Plugin Unit Tests

This guide demonstrates how to run unit tests on both Travis CI and locally.

Running tests on Travis CI

If you host your plugin on Github and enable Travis CI, the tests will be run automatically after every commit you make to the plugin.

All you need to do to enable this is copy and then edit the following files from the WP-CLI sample plugin:

  • .travis.yml, phpunit.xml.dist and phpcs.ruleset.xml files
  • tests folder

See the docs for an explanation of what each file does. You will then need to specify your unit tests in the tests/ folder.

Running tests locally

Running tests locally can be beneficial during development as it is quicker than committing changes and waiting for Travis CI to run the tests.

We're going to assume that:

So, let's get started:

  1. Install PHPUnit (5.x is only supported when running php7, phpunit 4.8 is required when running php5).

  2. Generate the plugin test files:

wp scaffold plugin-tests my-plugin

This command will generate all the files needed for running tests, including a .travis.yml file.

  1. Initialize the testing environment locally: cd into the plugin directory and run the install script (you will need to have wget installed).
bash bin/install-wp-tests.sh wordpress_test root '' localhost latest

The install script first installs a copy of WordPress in the /tmp directory (by default) as well as the WordPress unit testing tools. Then it creates a database to be used while running tests. The parameters that are passed to install-wp-tests.sh setup the test database.

  • wordpress_test is the name of the test database (all data will be deleted!)
  • root is the MySQL user name
  • '' is the MySQL user password
  • localhost is the MySQL server host
  • latest is the WordPress version; could also be 3.7, 3.6.2 etc.

NOTE: This script can be run multiple times without errors, but it will not overwrite previously existing files. So if your DB credentials change, or you want to switch to a different instance of mysql, simply re-running the script won't be enough. You'll need to manually edit the wp-config.php that's installed in /tmp.

  1. Run the plugin tests:
phpunit

If you have trouble running the install script or phpunit, check Support section for help and answers to common issues.

Integrating WP Unit Testing in Windows

Tried and gotten stuck setting up unit tests for your project in Windows?

First, know that some WP-CLI commands don't work in Windows, so you'll want to use use Cygwin. Cygwin is also preferred by the WordPress core project.

Second, the bin/install-wp-tests.sh script doesn't work directly in Windows. Windows 10 introduced a Windows Subsystem for Linux but older versions require extra effort. Cygwin is preferred because it runs bash scripts by default.

Third, the bash installation script uses which, a Linux command not available by defaultin Windows. cURL, svn and wget all can be installed in Windows as separate packages.

Lastly, sometimes the bash script fails to build WordPress because of how it uses tmp folders. If it fails, then you can manually install WordPress to a writeable directory, and then manually create wp-tests-config.php.