diff --git a/doc/whatsnew/fragments/7528.bugfix b/doc/whatsnew/fragments/7528.bugfix
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b06bf1570d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/whatsnew/fragments/7528.bugfix
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Fixed a crash of the ``modified_iterating`` checker when iterating on a set defined as a class attribute.
+
+Closes #7528
diff --git a/pylint/checkers/modified_iterating_checker.py b/pylint/checkers/modified_iterating_checker.py
index 9b0a43293f..bdc8fff7f9 100644
--- a/pylint/checkers/modified_iterating_checker.py
+++ b/pylint/checkers/modified_iterating_checker.py
@@ -113,11 +113,16 @@ def _is_node_expr_that_calls_attribute_name(node: nodes.NodeNG) -> bool:
     @staticmethod
     def _common_cond_list_set(
         node: nodes.Expr,
-        iter_obj: nodes.NodeNG,
+        iter_obj: nodes.Name | nodes.Attribute,
         infer_val: nodes.List | nodes.Set,
     ) -> bool:
+        iter_obj_name = (
+            iter_obj.attrname
+            if isinstance(iter_obj, nodes.Attribute)
+            else iter_obj.name
+        )
         return (infer_val == utils.safe_infer(iter_obj)) and (  # type: ignore[no-any-return]
-            node.value.func.expr.name == iter_obj.name
+            node.value.func.expr.name == iter_obj_name
         )
 
     @staticmethod
diff --git a/tests/functional/m/modified_iterating.py b/tests/functional/m/modified_iterating.py
index d9aad394ab..f17c34b6ee 100644
--- a/tests/functional/m/modified_iterating.py
+++ b/tests/functional/m/modified_iterating.py
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 """Tests for iterating-modified messages"""
-# pylint: disable=not-callable,unnecessary-comprehension,too-few-public-methods
+# pylint: disable=not-callable,unnecessary-comprehension,too-few-public-methods,missing-class-docstring,missing-function-docstring
 
 import copy
+from enum import Enum
 
 item_list = [1, 2, 3]
 for item in item_list:
@@ -117,3 +118,15 @@ def my_method(self):
         for key in self.attribute:
             tmp = self.attribute.copy()
             tmp[key] = None
+
+class MyEnum(Enum):
+    FOO = 1
+    BAR = 2
+
+class EnumClass:
+    ENUM_SET = {MyEnum.FOO, MyEnum.BAR}
+
+    def useless(self):
+        other_set = set(self.ENUM_SET)
+        for obj in self.ENUM_SET:
+            other_set.remove(obj)
diff --git a/tests/functional/m/modified_iterating.txt b/tests/functional/m/modified_iterating.txt
index 7d5e3014d7..e5b57ca328 100644
--- a/tests/functional/m/modified_iterating.txt
+++ b/tests/functional/m/modified_iterating.txt
@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
-modified-iterating-list:8:4:8:26::Iterated list 'item_list' is being modified inside for loop body, consider iterating through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
-modified-iterating-list:11:4:11:26::Iterated list 'item_list' is being modified inside for loop body, consider iterating through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
-modified-iterating-dict:29:4:29:18::Iterated dict 'my_dict' is being modified inside for loop body, iterate through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
-modified-iterating-set:39:4:39:27::Iterated set 'item_set' is being modified inside for loop body, iterate through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
-modified-iterating-list:46:8:46:27::Iterated list 'item_list' is being modified inside for loop body, consider iterating through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
-modified-iterating-set:47:8:47:26::Iterated set 'item_set' is being modified inside for loop body, iterate through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
-modified-iterating-list:48:4:48:23::Iterated list 'item_list' is being modified inside for loop body, consider iterating through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
-modified-iterating-list:51:4:51:12::Iterated list 'list' is being modified inside for loop body, consider iterating through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
-modified-iterating-list:54:4:54:20::Iterated list 'list' is being modified inside for loop body, consider iterating through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
-modified-iterating-dict:57:4:57:9::Iterated dict 'my_dict' is being modified inside for loop body, iterate through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
-modified-iterating-set:60:4:60:15::Iterated set 'item_set' is being modified inside for loop body, iterate through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
-modified-iterating-list:64:4:64:23::Iterated list 'item_list' is being modified inside for loop body, consider iterating through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
-modified-iterating-list:67:12:67:31::Iterated list 'item_list' is being modified inside for loop body, consider iterating through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
-modified-iterating-list:69:16:69:35::Iterated list 'item_list' is being modified inside for loop body, consider iterating through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
-modified-iterating-dict:95:8:95:28:update_existing_key:Iterated dict 'my_dict' is being modified inside for loop body, iterate through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
-modified-iterating-list:107:12:107:19:MyClass.my_method:Iterated list 'attribute' is being modified inside for loop body, consider iterating through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
+modified-iterating-list:9:4:9:26::Iterated list 'item_list' is being modified inside for loop body, consider iterating through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
+modified-iterating-list:12:4:12:26::Iterated list 'item_list' is being modified inside for loop body, consider iterating through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
+modified-iterating-dict:30:4:30:18::Iterated dict 'my_dict' is being modified inside for loop body, iterate through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
+modified-iterating-set:40:4:40:27::Iterated set 'item_set' is being modified inside for loop body, iterate through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
+modified-iterating-list:47:8:47:27::Iterated list 'item_list' is being modified inside for loop body, consider iterating through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
+modified-iterating-set:48:8:48:26::Iterated set 'item_set' is being modified inside for loop body, iterate through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
+modified-iterating-list:49:4:49:23::Iterated list 'item_list' is being modified inside for loop body, consider iterating through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
+modified-iterating-list:52:4:52:12::Iterated list 'list' is being modified inside for loop body, consider iterating through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
+modified-iterating-list:55:4:55:20::Iterated list 'list' is being modified inside for loop body, consider iterating through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
+modified-iterating-dict:58:4:58:9::Iterated dict 'my_dict' is being modified inside for loop body, iterate through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
+modified-iterating-set:61:4:61:15::Iterated set 'item_set' is being modified inside for loop body, iterate through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
+modified-iterating-list:65:4:65:23::Iterated list 'item_list' is being modified inside for loop body, consider iterating through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
+modified-iterating-list:68:12:68:31::Iterated list 'item_list' is being modified inside for loop body, consider iterating through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
+modified-iterating-list:70:16:70:35::Iterated list 'item_list' is being modified inside for loop body, consider iterating through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
+modified-iterating-dict:96:8:96:28:update_existing_key:Iterated dict 'my_dict' is being modified inside for loop body, iterate through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE
+modified-iterating-list:108:12:108:19:MyClass.my_method:Iterated list 'attribute' is being modified inside for loop body, consider iterating through a copy of it instead.:INFERENCE