diff --git a/src/Framework/MockObject/MockBuilder.php b/src/Framework/MockObject/MockBuilder.php
index aec32a2d443..7499b8ba882 100644
--- a/src/Framework/MockObject/MockBuilder.php
+++ b/src/Framework/MockObject/MockBuilder.php
@@ -208,6 +208,8 @@ public function getMockForTrait(): MockObject
      */
     public function setMethods(?array $methods = null): self
     {
+        $this->createWarning('setMethods() and setMethodsExcept() methods are deprecated and will be removed in PHPUnit 10. Refactor your code to use addMethods() and onlyMethods() instead.');
+
         if ($methods === null) {
             $this->methods = $methods;
         } else {
@@ -513,4 +515,24 @@ public function disableAutoReturnValueGeneration(): self
 
         return $this;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @codeCoverageIgnore
+     */
+    private function createWarning(string $warning): void
+    {
+        foreach (debug_backtrace() as $step) {
+            if (!isset($step['object']) || !$step['object'] instanceof TestCase) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if ($step['function'] === 'createPartialMock') {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            $step['object']->addWarning($warning);
+
+            return;
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/_files/TestWithDifferentStatuses.php b/tests/_files/TestWithDifferentStatuses.php
index efe7731f28b..37781f1366a 100644
--- a/tests/_files/TestWithDifferentStatuses.php
+++ b/tests/_files/TestWithDifferentStatuses.php
@@ -60,4 +60,16 @@ public function testWithCreatePartialMockPassesNoWarning(): void
 
         $this->assertNull($mock->mockableMethod());
     }
+
+    public function testWithSetMethodsWarning(): void
+    {
+        $mockBuilder = $this->getMockBuilder(Mockable::class);
+        $mockBuilder->setMethods(['mockableMethod', 'anotherMockableMethod']);
+    }
+
+    public function testWithSetMethodsExceptWarning(): void
+    {
+        $mockBuilder = $this->getMockBuilder(Mockable::class);
+        $mockBuilder->setMethodsExcept(['mockableMethod', 'anotherMockableMethod']);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/Framework/MockObject/MockBuilderTest.php b/tests/unit/Framework/MockObject/MockBuilderTest.php
index b9ff7cf342f..fb40810f95c 100644
--- a/tests/unit/Framework/MockObject/MockBuilderTest.php
+++ b/tests/unit/Framework/MockObject/MockBuilderTest.php
@@ -44,15 +44,6 @@ public function testMethodsToMockCanBeSpecified(): void
         $this->assertTrue($mock->anotherMockableMethod());
     }
 
-    public function testSetMethodsAllowsNonExistentMethodNames(): void
-    {
-        $mock = $this->getMockBuilder(Mockable::class)
-                     ->setMethods(['mockableMethodWithCrazyName'])
-                     ->getMock();
-
-        $this->assertNull($mock->mockableMethodWithCrazyName());
-    }
-
     public function testOnlyMethodsWithNonExistentMethodNames(): void
     {
         $this->expectException(CannotUseOnlyMethodsException::class);
@@ -139,58 +130,6 @@ public function testAbleToUseOnlyMethodsAfterAddMethods(): void
         $this->assertNull($mock->mockableMethod());
     }
 
-    public function testAbleToUseSetMethodsAfterOnlyMethods(): void
-    {
-        $mock = $this->getMockBuilder(Mockable::class)
-                     ->onlyMethods(['mockableMethod'])
-                     ->setMethods(['mockableMethodWithCrazyName'])
-                     ->getMock();
-
-        $this->assertNull($mock->mockableMethodWithCrazyName());
-    }
-
-    public function testAbleToUseSetMethodsAfterAddMethods(): void
-    {
-        $mock = $this->getMockBuilder(Mockable::class)
-                     ->addMethods(['notAMethod'])
-                     ->setMethods(['mockableMethodWithCrazyName'])
-                     ->getMock();
-
-        $this->assertNull($mock->mockableMethodWithCrazyName());
-    }
-
-    public function testAbleToUseAddMethodsAfterSetMethods(): void
-    {
-        $mock = $this->getMockBuilder(Mockable::class)
-                     ->setMethods(['mockableMethod'])
-                     ->addMethods(['mockableMethodWithFakeMethod'])
-                     ->getMock();
-
-        $this->assertNull($mock->mockableMethod());
-        $this->assertNull($mock->mockableMethodWithFakeMethod());
-    }
-
-    public function testAbleToUseOnlyMethodsAfterSetMethods(): void
-    {
-        $mock = $this->getMockBuilder(Mockable::class)
-                     ->setMethods(['mockableMethodWithFakeMethod'])
-                     ->onlyMethods(['mockableMethod'])
-                     ->getMock();
-
-        $this->assertNull($mock->mockableMethod());
-        $this->assertNull($mock->mockableMethodWithFakeMethod());
-    }
-
-    public function testAbleToUseAddMethodsAfterSetMethodsWithNull(): void
-    {
-        $mock = $this->getMockBuilder(Mockable::class)
-                     ->setMethods()
-                     ->addMethods(['mockableMethodWithFakeMethod'])
-                     ->getMock();
-
-        $this->assertNull($mock->mockableMethodWithFakeMethod());
-    }
-
     public function testByDefaultDoesNotPassArgumentsToTheConstructor(): void
     {
         $mock = $this->getMockBuilder(Mockable::class)->getMock();
diff --git a/tests/unit/Framework/TestCaseTest.php b/tests/unit/Framework/TestCaseTest.php
index 9d2169f7813..ac370012a50 100644
--- a/tests/unit/Framework/TestCaseTest.php
+++ b/tests/unit/Framework/TestCaseTest.php
@@ -1317,6 +1317,26 @@ public function testSetDependencyInput(): void
         $this->assertCount(1, $result);
     }
 
+    public function testMockBuilderSetMethodsWarning(): void
+    {
+        $test = new TestWithDifferentStatuses('testWithSetMethodsWarning');
+
+        $test->run();
+
+        $this->assertSame(BaseTestRunner::STATUS_WARNING, $test->getStatus());
+        $this->assertFalse($test->hasFailed());
+    }
+
+    public function testMockBuilderSetMethodsExceptWarning(): void
+    {
+        $test = new TestWithDifferentStatuses('testWithSetMethodsExceptWarning');
+
+        $test->run();
+
+        $this->assertSame(BaseTestRunner::STATUS_WARNING, $test->getStatus());
+        $this->assertFalse($test->hasFailed());
+    }
+
     /**
      * @return array<string, array>
      */