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A parametric spur gear, made with the involute curve tangent line approximation, as Fusion 360 doesn't support equation driven curves (yet). Module, number of teeth, height, hole diameter, and pressure angle are adjustable parameters. See the parametric gear toy for a test model using these gears.
Design: Parametric Spur Gear v34.f3d (Fusion 360 Archive)
Design: https://a360.co/2BSMisY (A360)
STLs: Spur Gear 1m 28t.stl
Recommended Print Settings: 0.20mm layer height, 20% infill
Thingiverse: https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:3336641
License:
Standard ISO spur gears are specified by two top-level parameters: gear module and gear teeth. Gear module is the pitch of one tooth on its reference diameter, and should be equal between interacting gears. Gear teeth are chosen to achieve the desired gear ratio between interacting gears. These parameters are exposed as GEAR_MODULE and GEAR_TEETH, respectively.
The reference diameter of a gear is computed with GEAR_MODULE*GEAR_TEETH. With this design, interacting gears should be placed at exactly (d1 + d2)/2 apart, where d1 and d2 are the reference diameters of the two interacting gears.
For example, using a GEAR_MODULE of 1, for two gears with GEAR_TEETH of 28 and 37:
- The gear ratio is
37/28= ~1.32 - The reference diameter of the smaller gear is
1*28= 28mm - The reference diameter of the larger gear is
1*37= 37mm - The gear axes should be placed
(28+37)/2= 32.5mm apart
This design addresses material shrinkage and printing accuracy discrepancies by scaling the gear teeth with the parameter GEAR_TOOTH_SCALE, which ranges from 0.0-1.0 and defaults to 0.925. This parameter scales the width of the gear teeth along the reference diameter, where 1.0 is the nominal width. If you do encounter binding or slop, you can adjust GEAR_TOOTH_SCALE to compensate.
After building several prototypes that varied this scaling factor from 0.90 to 1.00, I found that 0.925 - 0.950 yielded good results for me with no binding, minimal play, and little break-in. Scale factors closer to nominal (1.0) may work as well, but may require some "grinding" to break-in the gears. As always, your results may vary with printer setup, material, etc.
If possible, it's a good idea to use co-prime gear teeth for interacting gears. In the example above, the greatest common divisor of 28 and 37 is 1, so the teeth are co-prime. On the other hand, a pair of gears with 28 and 36 teeth are not, as the greatest common divisor of 28 and 36 is 4. Co-prime gear teeth results in wear that is evenly distributed among all the gear teeth over time.
Aside from the actual gear related parameters, there are also parameters to control the height (GEAR_HEIGHT), hole diameter (GEAR_HOLE_DIAMETER), and slot width (GEAR_SLOT_WIDTH).
GEAR_MODULE- pitch of gears, user specified (default 1)GEAR_TEETH- number of teeth, user specified (default 28)GEAR_HEIGHT- height of gear, user specified (default 5mm)GEAR_HOLE_DIAMETER- hole diameter, user specified (default 5mm)GEAR_TOOTH_SCALE- tooth scaling for process margin (default 0.925)GEAR_SLOT_WIDTH- width of slot cut outs (default (root diameter / 7) mm)GEAR_PRESSURE_ANGLE- pressure angle (default 20 degrees)GEAR_FILLET_RADIUS- dedendum fillet radius (default (0.38 * gear module) mm)GEAR_TIP_FILLET_RADIUS- teeth edge fillet on Z axis (default 0.5mm)
See section 2 of KHK's "The ABC's of Gears" guide on computing gear dimensions: https://www.khkgears.co.jp/kr/gear_technology/pdf/gearabc_b.pdf