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---
title: Humanistic Psychology
published: 2024-11-28
updated: 2024-12-13
description: In order for individuals to thrive and excel, a health-fostering culture must be created.
image: cover.png
tags: [Psychology]
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -60,8 +61,8 @@ The first four levels are known as deficit needs or D-needs. This means that if
four needs, there will be a need to get it. Getting them brings a feeling of contentment. These needs alone are not
motivating.

Maslow wrote that there are certain conditions that must be fulfilled in order for the basic needs to be satisfied. For
example, freedom of speech, freedom to express oneself, and freedom to seek new information
Maslow wrote that [there are certain conditions that must be fulfilled in order for the basic needs to be satisfied. For
example, freedom of speech, freedom to express oneself, and freedom to seek new information](#preconditions-for-satisfying-basic-needs)
(_A Theory of Human Motivation_) are a few of the prerequisites. Any blockages of these freedoms could prevent the
satisfaction of the basic needs.

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -182,8 +183,84 @@ be more autonomous and creative work outcome that targets more on the _problems_
15. Reality shapes the dynamics between Freudian Id and Ego
16. Focusing on healthy person instead of psychotherapists's neurotic sufferers.

### Chapter 4 - Motivation Theory
### Chapter 4 - Basic Needs: Just the Basic

What we are talking about here is also called _Gratification Theory_ - gratifying a lower need bumps a person to the
next level of need. The validity of this theory is justified given the following premises being true:

1. Frustration Theory
2. Learning Theory
3. Theory of Neurosis
4. Theory of Psychological Health
5. Theory of values
6. Theory of discipline, will, responsibility, etc

In addition, it must be kept in mind that there are determinants other than the Basic Need gratifications.

#### Basic Needs

- Psychological Needs: indicated by specific appetites
:::tip[UNCONSCIOUS CHARACTER OF NEEDS]

The following needs tend to be more unconscious than conscious

:::

1. __Physiological Needs__

- Nutritions for survival
- Indicated by specific appetites
- Those that are deprived of a person are regarded as being more important than something else higher

2. __Safety Needs__

- Indication: preference for undisrupted routine or rhythm. e.g. justice, consistency, ordered world
- Permissiveness within limits, rather than unrestricted permissiveness is preferred as well as needed by children.
Perhaps one could express this more accurately by saying that the child needs an organized and structured world
rather than an unorganized or unstructured one
- Those with excessive expression of closeness with their parents might suggest they are seeing themselves facing a
world of much greater danger, because infant tend to cling to parents at times of feeling unsafe
- To identify the degree of safety needs of a person requires us to look at that person from an economic and social
context
- Psychologically, these behaviors also shows people's attempts to seek safety

- people's preference for familiar/known rather than unfamiliar/unknown things
- tendency to have some religion or world philosophy
- too freaking-out about some world events that seems to be a catastrophe to them; they seem to be looking for a
Fuehrer

- The neurotic individual may be described with great usefulness as a grown-up person who retains his childhood
attitudes toward the world. That is to say, a neurotic adult may be said to behave as if he were actually afraid of
a spanking, or of his mother's disapproval, or of being abandoned by his parents, or having his food taken away from
him. It is as if his childish attitudes of fear and threat reaction to a dangerous world had gone underground, and
untouched by the growing up and learning processes, were now ready to be called out by any stimulus that would make
a child feel endangered and threatened. Horney[^1] especially has written well about "basic anxiety"

3. __Sense of Belong and Love__

- Lots of activities within our societies are driven by the hunger for belongness.
- Love is not sex. Love is about giving and receiving

4. __Esteem Needs__ (strength & reputation)
5. __Self-Actualization__ (He or she must be true to their own nature)

- The desire to become more and more what one idiosyncratically is, to become everything that one is capable of
becoming
- Individual differences are greatest at this level

It should be noted that such order of hierarchy is not rigidly fixed for everyone. The arrangement of basic needs
differs according to different people's priority or potency. For example, some seek self-esteem (_Esteem Needs_) before
_Sense of Belong and Love_; some simply lost the desire for love. In addition, everyone has all 5 needs partially filled
and unfilled while climbing up the pyramid and people tend to develop all 5 levels at the same time with different
speed. With that said then, most human behaviors are _multimotivated_

The needs above are all driven motivations. Not all behaviors, however, are motivation-driven. Motivation-driven
behaviors are what we called _expressive behaviors_. On the other hand, _coping behaviors_ is purposive goal seeking.

A _satisfied_ need does not motivate us anymore. If that's the case, the author postulates further that what really
motivates us is "__the need to develop and actualize our fullest potentialities and capacities__."

### Chapter 5 - Consequences of Basic Needs



[^1]: Horney, K, _The Neurotic Personality of Our Time_, New York Norton, 1937

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