[Enhancement] Partial update support const expr

[sevev]

Why I'm doing:

Partial update does not support expression currently. If an expression column is not specified in the update, we will fill it with the default value instead of calculating it based on the expression.

What I'm doing:

Support partial update with expr and we only support default expr can be calculated like now() and does not support the expr for a batch of every row different like uuid(). If the default expr is uuid(), the behavior is not changed.
e.g.

 CREATE TABLE `test` (
  `k1` bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT "",
  `v1` bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT "",
  `v2` datetime NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT ""
) ENGINE=OLAP
PRIMARY KEY(`k1`)
DISTRIBUTED BY HASH(`k1`) BUCKETS 1
PROPERTIES (
"compression" = "LZ4",
"enable_persistent_index" = "true",
"fast_schema_evolution" = "true",
"replicated_storage" = "true",
"replication_num" = "1"
);
insert into test values (1,1,'2024-08-27 00:00:00');
insert into test (k1,v1) values(2,2);
select * from test;

before this pr, the result is

mysql> select * from test;
+------+------+---------------------+
| k1   | v1   | v2                  |
+------+------+---------------------+
|    2 |    2 | NULL                |
|    1 |    1 | 2024-08-27 00:00:00 |
+------+------+---------------------+
2 rows in set (0.02 sec)

after this pr:

mysql> select * from test;
+------+------+---------------------+
| k1   | v1   | v2                  |
+------+------+---------------------+
|    1 |    1 | 2024-08-27 00:00:00 |
|    2 |    2 | 2024-08-27 19:02:23 |
+------+------+---------------------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)

Fixes #issue

What type of PR is this:

• BugFix
• Feature
• Enhancement
• Refactor
• UT
• Doc
• Tool

Does this PR entail a change in behavior?

• Yes, this PR will result in a change in behavior.
• No, this PR will not result in a change in behavior.

If yes, please specify the type of change:

• Interface/UI changes: syntax, type conversion, expression evaluation, display information
• Parameter changes: default values, similar parameters but with different default values
• Policy changes: use new policy to replace old one, functionality automatically enabled
• Feature removed
• Miscellaneous: upgrade & downgrade compatibility, etc.

Checklist:

• I have added test cases for my bug fix or my new feature
• This pr needs user documentation (for new or modified features or behaviors)
  • I have added documentation for my new feature or new function
• This is a backport pr

Bugfix cherry-pick branch check:

• I have checked the version labels which the pr will be auto-backported to the target branch
  • 3.3
  • 3.2
  • 3.1
  • 3.0
  • 2.5

[starrocks-cr]

The most risky bug in this code is:
Potentially missing initialization or improper handling of _column_to_expr_value

You can modify the code like this:

@@ -328,6 +328,7 @@ Status RowsetUpdateState::_prepare_auto_increment_partial_update_states(uint32_t
     }
 
+    _column_to_expr_value.clear();  // Ensure it's empty before usage
     RETURN_IF_ERROR(params.tablet->update_mgr()->get_column_values(params, column_id, new_rows > 0, rowids_by_rssid,
                                                                    &read_column, &_column_to_expr_value,
                                                                    &_auto_increment_partial_update_states[segment_id]));

[sonarcloud]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
1 New issue
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarCloud

[github-actions]

[Java-Extensions Incremental Coverage Report]

✅ pass : 0 / 0 (0%)

[github-actions]

[FE Incremental Coverage Report]

✅ pass : 4 / 4 (100.00%)

file detail

	path	covered_line	new_line	coverage	not_covered_line_detail
🔵	com/starrocks/planner/OlapTableSink.java	4	4	100.00%	[]

[github-actions]

[BE Incremental Coverage Report]

✅ pass : 67 / 76 (88.16%)

file detail

	path	covered_line	new_line	coverage	not_covered_line_detail
🔵	be/src/runtime/lake_tablets_channel.cpp	3	5	60.00%	[307, 310]
🔵	be/src/storage/lake/update_manager.cpp	6	10	60.00%	[509, 510, 516, 517]
🔵	be/src/storage/lake/delta_writer.cpp	4	6	66.67%	[502, 503]
🔵	be/src/storage/lake/rowset_update_state.cpp	4	5	80.00%	[383]
🔵	be/src/storage/rowset_column_update_state.cpp	12	12	100.00%	[]
🔵	be/src/storage/lake/async_delta_writer.h	3	3	100.00%	[]
🔵	be/src/exec/tablet_info.cpp	7	7	100.00%	[]
🔵	be/src/storage/lake/delta_writer.h	3	3	100.00%	[]
🔵	be/src/storage/rowset/rowset_writer.cpp	3	3	100.00%	[]
🔵	be/src/storage/delta_writer.cpp	1	1	100.00%	[]
🔵	be/src/storage/rowset_update_state.cpp	4	4	100.00%	[]
🔵	be/src/runtime/local_tablets_channel.cpp	7	7	100.00%	[]
🔵	be/src/storage/tablet_updates.cpp	10	10	100.00%	[]

[github-actions]

@Mergifyio backport branch-3.3

[github-actions]

@Mergifyio backport branch-3.2

[mergify]

backport branch-3.3

✅ Backports have been created

• #50860 [Enhancement] Partial update support const expr (backport #50287) has been created for branch branch-3.3

[mergify]

backport branch-3.2

✅ Backports have been created

• #50861 [Enhancement] Partial update support const expr (backport #50287) has been created for branch branch-3.2 but encountered conflicts