JWT Auth

Enable JSON Web Token authentication for the WordPress REST API.

Contributors: valendesigns
Tags: jwt, json-web-token, auth, authentication, rest, wp-rest, api, wp-api, json, wp-json
Requires at least: 5.2
Tested up to: 5.2
Stable tag: 0.1.0
License: GPLv2 or later
Requires PHP: 5.6.20

Description

This plugin makes it possible to use a JSON Web Token (JWT) to securely authenticate a valid user requesting access to your WordPress REST API resources.

JSON Web Tokens are an open, industry standard RFC 7519 method for representing claims securely between two parties.

Installation

This plugin is not currently listed in the WordPress Plugin Directory. You'll need to install it manually.

1. Download the latest version of the jwt-auth plugin.
2. Go to Plugins > Add New.
3. Click Upload Plugin to display the WordPress Plugin upload field.
4. Click Choose File to navigate your local file directory.
5. Select the WordPress Plugin zip archive you wish to upload and install.
6. Click Install Now to install the WordPress Plugin.
7. The resulting installation screen will list the installation as successful or note any problems during the install.
8. If successful, click Activate Plugin to activate it, or Return to Plugin Installer for further actions.

Generate Tokens

In order to generate an access and refresh token, you must be an authenticate user. There are a couple ways to authenticate a user, but only one works for tokens.

When generating a token we must authenticate with what is called an application password. This allows us to invalidate both the access token and refresh token by adding the API key to the tokens private claim. This ensures that when a token is used that has a valid API key it will authenticate the request, but if the key has been revoked the token becomes invalidated and cannot authenticate access to the request.

Application passwords protect us from the threat of long-lived tokens. Tokens are never stored on a server anywhere, and they work until they expire, which could be filtered to be a long time from now. So what we do is decoded the token and look for our safe and revocable application password inside the private claim. And since an application password cannot be used to login to WordPress, it only exists to generate tokens, we now have a secure separation of access and authentication.

If you try to generate a token with you username and password:

curl -X POST https://example.org/wp-json/wp/v2/token \
	-F username=admin \
	-F password=password

You should see an error like this:

{
    "code": "rest_authentication_required_api_key_secret",
    "message": "An API key-pair is required to generate a token.",
    "data": {
        "status": 403
    }
}

Now with an application password:

curl -X POST https://example.org/wp-json/wp/v2/token \
	-F api_key=12345ascde \
	-F api_secret=54321edcba

You should see something like this:

{
    "access_token": "YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN",
    "data": {
        "user": {
            "id": 1,
            "type": "wp_user",
            "user_login": "admin",
            "user_email": "[email protected]",
            "api_key": "12345ascde"
        }
    },
    "exp": 604800,
    "refresh_token": "YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN"
}

The access_token field is what you'll use for subsequent requests. For example, to fetch the user data, you could perform a request like:

curl -X GET https://sample.org/wp-json/wp/v2/users/1 \
	-H 'Authorization: Bearer YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN'

Note that the header reads Bearer YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN. Ensure you include the word "Bearer" (with a space after it) in order to be properly authenticated.

Now the refresh_token field is a special kind of token that can be used to obtain a renewed access token when it finally expires.

That request would be like this:

curl -X POST https://example.org/wp-json/wp/v2/token \
	-F refresh_token=YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN

You can also check if the token is still valid and when it expires:

curl -X GET https://sample.org/wp-json/wp/v2/token/validate \
	-H 'Authorization: Bearer YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN'

{
    "code": "rest_authentication_valid_access_token",
    "message": "Valid access token.",
    "data": {
        "status": 200,
        "exp": 604800
    }
}

Generate Key-pairs

In order to generate a token you first need to create an application password, or what we also refer to as a key-pair. To create a key-pair you have to first log into the WordPress administrative panel and go to your profile page. There you will see a section that gives you the ability to generate a named key-pair, download the key-pair, and generate and download new tokens, as well.

By ensuring only users that can login to WordPress can create a key-pair and only key-pairs can generate tokens we get all the benefits of implementing other security systems like 2factor authentication to secure users and don't have to worry about defending that side of the user authentication flow.

Contributing

Contributors Welcome! The best way to get involved is to reach out via the #core-restapi channel in Slack. Meetings are held weekly Thursdays @ 06:00 UTC.

License

jwt-auth is licensed under GNU General Public License v2