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Update Visual Studio build instructions #2355

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# Visual Studio 2017 Build Instructions

## Important

We do not recommend Windows for rippled production use at this time. Currently,
the Ubuntu platform has received the highest level of quality assurance,
testing, and support. Additionally, 32-bit Windows versions are not supported.

## Prerequisites

To clone the source code repository, create branches for inspection or
modification, build rippled under Visual Studio, and run the unit tests you will
need these software components:

* [Visual Studio 2017](README.md#install-visual-studio-2017)
* [Git for Windows](README.md#install-git-for-windows)
* [Google Protocol Buffers
Compiler](README.md#install-google-protocol-buffers-compiler)
* [OpenSSL Library](README.md#install-openssl)
* [Boost library](README.md#build-boost)
* (Optional) [Cmake for Windows](README.md#optional-install-cmake-for-windows) -
Only needed if not using the integrated CMake in VS 2017.
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Not sure if it is worth mentioning that having Cmake for Windows will allow you to create VS project/solution files.


## Install Software

### Install Visual Studio 2017

If not already installed on your system, download your choice of installer from
the [Visual Studio 2017
Download](https://www.visualstudio.com/downloads/download-visual-studio-vs)
page, run the installer, and follow the directions. **You may need to choose the
`Desktop development with C++` workload to install all necessary C++ features.**

Any version of Visual Studio 2017 may be used to build rippled. The **Visual
Studio 2017 Community** edition is available free of charge (see [the product
page](https://www.visualstudio.com/products/visual-studio-community-vs) for
licensing details), while paid editions may be used for an free initial trial
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consider "an initial free-trial period" instead.

period.

As of this writing, the latest version of Visual Studio 2017 for Windows is
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@mellery451 mellery451 Jan 25, 2018

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I don't object to this being here, but also don't think there is any benefit to mentioning current latest versions of software (one of them will surely be eclipsed within a short time). What could be useful is a table of known-to-work versions for each dependency. Perhaps this is what you were getting at here - if that's the case, I'd consider just making a table of each prerequisite and the version(s) that are known to work.

15.5.4.

### Install Git for Windows

Git is a distributed revision control system. The Windows version also provides
the bash shell and many Windows versions of Unix commands. While there are other
varieties of Git (such as TortoiseGit, which has a native Windows interface and
integrates with the Explorer shell), we recommend installing [Git for
Windows](https://git-scm.com/) since it provides a Unix-like command line
environment useful for running shell scripts. Use of the bash shell under
Windows is mandatory for running the unit tests.

As of this writing, the latest version of Git for Windows is 2.16.1.

### Install Google Protocol Buffers Compiler

Building rippled requires **protoc.exe** version 2.5.1 or later. At your option
you may build it yourself from the sources in the [Google Protocol
Buffers](https://github.com/google/protobuf) repository, or you may download a
[protoc.exe](https://ripple.github.io/Downloads/protoc/2.5.1/protoc.exe)
([alternate
link](https://github.com/ripple/Downloads/raw/gh-pages/protoc/2.5.1/protoc.exe))
precompiled Windows executable from the [Ripple
Organization](https://github.com/ripple).

Either way, once you have the required version of **protoc.exe**, copy it into a
standard location that is in your command line `%PATH%`.

* **NOTE:** If you use an older version of the compiler, the build will fail
with errors related to a mismatch of the version of protocol buffer headers
versus the compiler. Likewise, if you use version 3 or newer, the build will
fail.

### Install OpenSSL

[Download OpenSSL.](http://slproweb.com/products/Win32OpenSSL.html) There will
be four variants available:
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You mention four variants then only list two. There will also be a link to download openssl 1.1, and people may be tempted to use it. However, rippled does not compile with openssl 1.1, only the 1.0 branch (at least last I checked, is this still true?)

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That is still true AFAIK. I'll fix.


1. 64-bit. Use this if you are running 64-bit windows. As of this writing, the
link is called: "Win64 OpenSSL v1.0.2n".
2. 64-bit light - Don't use this. It is missing files needed to build rippled.
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consider adding emphasis to "Don't use this."

As of this writing, the link is called: "Win64 OpenSSL v1.0.2n Light"

Run the installer, and choose an appropriate location for your OpenSSL
installation. In this guide we use `C:\lib\OpenSSL-Win64` as the destination
location.

You may be informed on running the installer that "Visual C++ 2008
Redistributables" must first be installed first. If so, download it from the
[same page](http://slproweb.com/products/Win32OpenSSL.html), again making sure
to get the correct 32-/64-bit variant.

* NOTE: Since rippled links statically to OpenSSL, it does not matter where the
OpenSSL .DLL files are placed, or what version they are. rippled does not use
or require any external .DLL files to run other than the standard operating
system ones.

### Build Boost

After [downloading boost](http://www.boost.org/users/download/) and unpacking it
to `c:\lib\`, open a **Developer Command Prompt** for Visual Studio, change to
the directory containing boost, then bootstrap the build tools:

(As of this writing, the most recent version of boost is 1.66.0, which will
unpack into a directory named `boost_1_66_0`. For higher versions of boost,
adjust the directories provided in these examples as appropriate.)

```powershell
cd C:\lib\boost_1_66_0
bootstrap
```

The rippled application is linked statically to the standard runtimes and
external dependencies on Windows, to ensure that the behavior of the executable
is not affected by changes in outside files. Therefore, it is necessary to build
the required boost static libraries using this command:

```powershell
bjam -j<Num Parallel> --toolset=msvc-14.1 address-model=64 architecture=x86 link=static threading=multi runtime-link=shared,static stage
```

where you should replace `<Num Parallel>` with the number of parallel
invocations to use build, e.g. `bjam -j4 ...` would use up to 4 concurrent build
shell commands for the build.

Building the boost libraries may take considerable time. When the build process
is completed, take note of both the reported compiler include paths and linker
library paths as they will be required later.

### (Optional) Install CMake for Windows

[CMake](http://cmake.org) is a cross platform build system generator. Visual
Studio 2017 includes an integrated version of CMake that avoids having to
manually run CMake, but it is undergoing continuous improvement. Users that
prefer to use standard Visual Studio project and solution files need to install
a dedicated version of Cmake to generate them. The latest version can be found
at the [CMake download site](https://cmake.org/download/). It is recommended you
select the install option to add CMake to your path.

As of this writing, the latest version of CMake for windows is 3.10.2.

## Clone the rippled repository

If you are familiar with cloning github repositories, just follow your normal
process and clone `[email protected]:ripple/rippled.git`. Otherwise follow this
section for instructions.

1. If you don't have a github account, sign up for one at
[github.com](https://github.com/).
2. Make sure you have Github ssh keys. For help see
[generating-ssh-keys](https://help.github.com/articles/generating-ssh-keys).

Open the "Git Bash" shell that was installed with "Git for Windows" in the step
above. Navigate to the directory where you want to clone rippled (git bash uses
`/c` for windows's `C:` and forward slash where windows uses backslash, so
`C:\Users\joe\projs` would be `/c/Users/joe/projs` in git bash). Now clone the
repository and optionally switch to the *master* branch. Type the following at
the bash prompt:

```powershell
git clone [email protected]:ripple/rippled.git
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We probably want to add the --recursive flag to get the submodules.

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Which components have submodules? I think after #2343 , docca will no longer be used. Are there others?

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Yeah, according to .gitmodules:

[submodule "src/nudb/extras/beast"]
        path = src/nudb/extras/beast
        url = https://github.com/vinniefalco/Beast.git
[submodule "src/nudb/extras/rocksdb"]
        path = src/nudb/extras/rocksdb
        url = https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb.git
[submodule "src/nudb/doc/docca"]
        path = src/nudb/doc/docca
        url = https://github.com/vinniefalco/docca.git

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@bachase bachase Jan 25, 2018

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Are those actually needed for nudb though? Or just to build nudb examples and docs?

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I'm not sure we need them, actually. If it works without the recursive them I'm fine leaving it off.

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My test build did not do a --recursive clone, so I don't think they are. I'll leave it out unless someone else discovers otherwise.

cd rippled
```
If you receive an error about not having the "correct access rights" make sure
you have Github ssh keys, as described above.

For a stable release, choose the `master` branch or one of the tagged releases
listed on [rippled's GitHub page](https://github.com/ripple/rippled/releases).

```
git checkout master
```

To test the latest release candidate, choose the `release` branch.

```
git checkout release
```

If you are doing development work and want the latest set of untested features,
you can consider using the `develop` branch instead.

```
git checkout develop
```

# Build using Visual Studio integrated CMake

In Visual Studio 2017, Microsoft added [integrated IDE support for
cmake](https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/vcblog/2016/10/05/cmake-support-in-visual-studio/).
To begin, simply:

1. Launch Visual Studio and choose **File | Open | Folder**, navigating to the
cloned rippled folder.
2. Right-click on `CMakeLists.txt` in the **Solution Explorer - Folder View** to
generate a `CMakeSettings.json` file. A sample settings file is provided
here. Customize the settings for `BOOST_ROOT`, `OPENSSL_ROOT` to match the
install paths if they differ from those in the file.
4. Select either the `x64-Release` or `x64-Debug` configuration from the
**Project Setings** drop-down. This should invoke the built-in CMake project
generator. If not, you can right-click on the `CMakeLists.txt` file and
choose **Cache | Generate Cache**.
5. Select either the `rippled.exe` (unity) or `rippled_classic.exe` (non-unity)
option in the **Select Startup Item** drop-down. This will be the target
built when you press F7. Alternatively, you can choose a target to build from
the top-level **CMake | Build** menu. Note that at this time, there are other
targets listed that come from third party visual studio files embedded in the
rippled repo, e.g. `datagen.vcxproj`. Please ignore them.

For details on configuring debugging sessions or further customization of CMake,
please refer to the [CMake tools for VS
documentation](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/ide/cmake-tools-for-visual-cpp).

If using the provided `CMakeSettings.json` file, the executable will be in
```
.\build\x64-Release\Release\rippled(_classic).exe
```
or
```
.\build\x64-Debug\Debug\rippled.exe(_classic).exe
```
where these paths are relative to your cloned git repository.

# Build using stand-alone CMake

This requires having installed [Cmake for
Windows](README.md#optional-install-cmake-for-windows). We do not recommend
mixing this method with the integrated CMake method for the same repository
clone. Assuming you included to add the cmake executable folder to your path,
execute the following commands within your `rippled` cloned repository:

```
mkdir build\cmake
cd build\cmake
cmake ..\.. -G"Visual Studio 15 2017 Win64" -DBOOST_ROOT="C:\lib\boost_1_66_0" -DOPENSSL_ROOT="C:\lib\OpenSSL-Win64"
```
Now launch Visual Studio 2017 and select **File | Open | Project/Solution**.
Navigate to the `build\cmake` folder created above and select the `rippled.sln`
file. You can then choose whether to build the `Debug` or `Release` solution
configuration. Within the **Solution Explorer**, selected either the `rippled`
(unity build) project or the `rippled_classic` (non-unity) project, and
right-click to build.

The executable will be in
```
.\build\cmake\Release\rippled(_classic).exe
```
or
````
.\build\cmake\Debug\rippled.exe(_classic)
````
where these paths are relative to your cloned git repository.

# Unit Test (Recommended)

`rippled` builds a set of unit tests into the server executable. To run these
unit tests after building, pass the `--unittest` option to the compiled
`rippled` executable. The executable will exit with summary info after running
the unit tests.