[INLONG-11494][Sort] Add Kafka connector on Flink 1.18

[PeterZh6]

Fixes #11494 [Feature][Sort] Add Kafka connector on Flink 1.18

Motivation

This PR adds a Kafka connector to inlong-sort for Flink 1.18 support.

Modifications

• Migrated the Kafka connector from flink-kafka-connector 3.2.0 to support Flink 1.18.
• Updated the relevant Maven pom.xml to reflect the changes.

Verifying this Change

• This change is a trivial rework/code cleanup without any test coverage.

• This change is already covered by existing tests, such as:
  (please describe tests)

• This change added tests and can be verified as follows:

  Further formal testing will be introduced in #11495.
  Currently, a KafkaProducer is used to send messages to Kafka, and these messages are consumed by sort-connectors-v1.18, which is introduced in this PR.
  Since there is no verified functional sink yet, the built-in file-system sink is used in this test.

  In the example below, we can see that the messages in Kafka are successfully extracted and written to /tmp/output_file.

Example Flink SQL:

CREATE TABLE kafka_source (
    `message` STRING
) WITH (
    'connector' = 'kafka-inlong',
    'topic' = 'test-topic',
    'properties.bootstrap.servers' = 'kafka:9092',
    'properties.group.id' = 'flink-group',
    'scan.startup.mode' = 'earliest-offset',
    'format' = 'json'
);

CREATE TABLE file_sink (
    `message` STRING
) WITH (
    'connector' = 'filesystem',
    'path' = 'file:///tmp/output_file',
    'format' = 'json'
);

INSERT INTO file_sink
SELECT * FROM kafka_source;

Output:
The messages in Kafka have been successfully extracted and transported to /tmp/output_file. See the screenshot below for the result:

Documentation

• Does this pull request introduce a new feature? Yes
• If yes, how is the feature documented? N/A
• If a feature is not applicable for documentation, explain why: The version change of the sort connectors is not reflected on the official website.

[PeterZh6]

Sink function of this connector not tested yet.

[aloyszhang]

please add license if there are some copied codes from other project.

[PeterZh6]

please add license if there are some copied codes from other project.

Thanks for the reminder!
All the copied codes are from flink-connector-kafka. I believe they all follow Apache 2.0 license, so I don't have to add the license once more.

[aloyszhang]

Please ref to inlong/licenses/inlong-sort-connectors/LICENSE, you should add the copied files to this file.

[PeterZh6]

Please ref to inlong/licenses/inlong-sort-connectors/LICENSE, you should add the copied files to this file.

oh I see, sorry for the misunderstanding