Local MapReduce

Simulating Hadoop MapReduce Streaming in a multicore computer. Any mapper, reducer compatible with Hadoop Streaming can work on this shell script.

Performance Comparison

• single process

  Elapsed time: 7 mins 9 secs

  $ time pv citeseerx_descriptions_sents.txt.300000 | python map.py | sort -k1 | python reduce.py > result_single
  37.6MiB 0:01:12 [ 528KiB/s] [====================================================================================================>] 100%
  pv citeseerx_descriptions_sents.txt.300000  0.06s user 0.18s system 0% cpu 1:12.81 total
  python map.py  156.55s user 2.34s system 76% cpu 3:27.56 total
  sort -k1  67.68s user 1.94s system 16% cpu 7:09.31 total
  python reduce.py > result_single  217.10s user 0.26s system 50% cpu 7:09.38 total

• local-mapreduce

  Elapsed time: 1 min 18 secs. Five times faster

  $ rm -r result ; time pv citeseerx_descriptions_sents.txt.300000 | ./lmr 2m 16 'python map.py' 'python reduce.py' result
  37.6MiB 0:00:23 [1.58MiB/s] [====================================================================================================>] 100%
  pv citeseerx_descriptions_sents.txt.300000  0.01s user 0.03s system 0% cpu 23.789 total
  ./lmr 2m 16 'python map.py' 'python reduce.py' result  1024.95s user 11.64s system 1318% cpu 1:18.63 total

Prerequisite

• Essential

  • bash
  • GNU parallel
  • sort
  • python

• Recommanded

  • pv

Install

$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/d2207197/local-mapreduce.git
$ sudo ln -s `pwd`/local-mapreduce/lmr /usr/local/bin
# refresh PATH
$ hash -r

Usage

$ cat <data> | ./lmr <chunk size> <num of reducer> <mapper> <reducer> <output directory>
$ ./lmr <chunk size> <num of jobs> <mapper> <reducer> <output directory> < <data>

• <chunk size>: Split input data into chunks with <chunk size>. The number of chunks equals to the total number of mapper.
• <num of reducer>: Each output line from mappers would then be hashed into <num of reducer> different reducer.
• <mapper>, <reducer>: Any executable shell command can be mapper or reducer.
• <output directory>: The output directory.

Mapper Output Format

Mapper reads input from Standard Input and prints key<TAB>value per line to Standard Output.

Example:

hello world		3,15 4,12 16,33
world peace		2,11 7,44 9,59
john doe		5,21 8,5 11,37
world peace		2,4 3,60 6,28
john doe		9,89 5,39 11,2
john doe		1,56 3,62 8,42

Reducer Input Format

As in Hadoop Streaming, all lines with the same key will be grouped together and pass to the same reducer.

Example:

hello world		3,15 4,12 16,33
john doe		5,21 8,5 11,37
john doe		9,89 5,39 11,2
john doe		1,56 3,62 8,42
world peace		2,11 7,44 9,59
world peace		2,4 3,60 6,28

Mapper Reducer Example 1: Word Count

Mapper: tr -sc "a-zA-Z" "\n" Mapper testing:

$ echo 'aaa bbb ccc\naaa bbb aaa' | tr -sc "a-zA-Z" "\n"
aaa
bbb
ccc
aaa
bbb
aaa

Reducer: uniq -c Reducer testing:

$ echo 'aaa bbb ccc\naaa bbb aaa' | tr -sc "a-zA-Z" "\n" | sort -k 1,1 -t $'\t' | uniq -c
      3 aaa
      2 bbb
      1 ccc

Run mapper and reducer with local mapreduce

$ cat data | ./lmr 5m 8  'tr -sc "a-zA-Z" "\n"' 'uniq -c' out
$ cat out/* | head
 148601 a
  10605 A
     19 aa
      1 Aa
      9 AA
      1 aaai
      5 AAAI
      4 Aachen
      2 AAIA
     23 AAM

mapper reducer Example 2：ngram count in python

mapper

mapper nc-map.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
import re
def tokens(str1): return re.findall('[a-z]+', str1.lower())

def to_ngrams( words, length):
    return zip(*[words[i:] for i in range(length)])  

import fileinput
from collections import Counter
for line in fileinput.input():
    words = tokens(line)
    for n in range(1, 6):
        ngrams_counts = Counter(to_ngrams(words, n))
        for ngram, count in ngrams_counts.iteritems():
            print  '{}\t{}'.format(' '.join(ngram), count)

mapper testing

$ echo 'aaa bbb ccc\naaa bbb aaa' | python nc-map.py
bbb     1
ccc     1
aaa     1
aaa bbb 1
bbb ccc 1
aaa bbb ccc     1
bbb     1
aaa     2
aaa bbb 1
bbb aaa 1
aaa bbb aaa     1

reducer

reducer nc-reduce.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
import fileinput
from collections import Counter, defaultdict
ngram_counts = defaultdict(Counter)
for line in fileinput.input():
    ngram, count = line.split('\t', 1)
    ngram, count = tuple(ngram.split(' ')), int(count)
    length = len(ngram)
    ngram_counts[length][ngram] += count

for length in ngram_counts:
    for ngram, count in ngram_counts[length].iteritems():
        print '{}\t{}'.format(' '.join(ngram), count)

reducer testing

$ echo 'aaa bbb ccc\naaa bbb aaa' | python nc-map.py | sort -k 1,1 -t $'\t' | python nc-reduce.py
bbb     2
ccc     1
aaa     3
aaa bbb 2
bbb ccc 1
bbb aaa 1
aaa bbb ccc     1
aaa bbb aaa     1

run with localmapreduce

$ cat data | ./lmr 5m 16  'python nc-map.py' 'python nc-reduce.py' nc-out
$ cat nc-out/* | head
scoring 121
kazhdan 2
crex    3
blastsets       3
glycoside       1
brieflyreview   1
seriesparallel  2
stle    1
abar    1
paralleled      4