feat: add fsm for persistent cache peer

[gaius-qi]

Description

Related Issue

Motivation and Context

Screenshots (if appropriate)

Types of changes

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to change)
• Documentation Update (if none of the other choices apply)

Checklist

• My change requires a change to the documentation.
• I have updated the documentation accordingly.
• I have read the CONTRIBUTING document.
• I have added tests to cover my changes.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 49.73%. Comparing base (8b6e40f) to head (692cf2d).
Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main    #3563   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   49.73%   49.73%           
=======================================
  Files         186      186           
  Lines       19527    19527           
=======================================
  Hits         9712     9712           
- Misses       9019     9020    +1     
+ Partials      796      795    -1     

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittests	49.73% <ø> (ø)

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
scheduler/resource/standard/peer.go	71.98% <ø> (ø)

... and 1 file with indirect coverage changes

[chlins]

lgtm