The first versions of the GEM's embodied-carbon exposure and seismic risk maps of Europe are now available! 🥳 🚀
This repository hosts data on the embodied carbon associated with the seismic damage repair and replacement of the residential, commercial, and industrial building stock worldwide. Interactive web services are accessible through the EPOS Built Environmental Data service at https://embodiedcarbon.builtenvdata.eu.
The following regions, countries and territories are covered in this repository.
| REGION | COUNTRIES AND TERRITORIES |
|---|---|
| Africa | Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina_Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape_Verde, Central_African_Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial_Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea_Bissau, Ivory_Coast, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao_Tome_and_Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra_Leone, Somalia, South_Africa, South_Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe |
| Caribbean_Central_America | Anguilla, Antigua_and_Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, British_Virgin_Islands, Cayman_Islands, Costa_Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican_Republic, El_Salvador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto_Rico, Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis, Saint_Lucia, Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines, Trinidad_and_Tobago, Turks_and_Caicos_Islands, US_Virgin_Islands |
| Central_Asia | Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan |
| East_Asia | China, Hong_Kong, Japan, Macao, North_Korea, South_Korea, Taiwan |
| Europe | Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia_and_Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Isle_of_Man, Italy, Kosovo, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, North_Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United_Kingdom |
| Middle_East | Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi_Arabia, Syria, United_Arab_Emirates, Yemen |
| North_America | Canada, Mexico, United_States_of_America |
| North_Asia | Mongolia, Russia |
| Oceania | American_Samoa, Australia, Cook_Islands, Fiji, Guam, Kiribati, Marshall_Islands, Micronesia, Nauru, New_Caledonia, New_Zealand, Niue, Northern_Mariana_Islands, Palau, Papua_New_Guinea, Samoa, Solomon_Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu |
| South_America | Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, French_Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela |
| South_Asia | Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri_Lanka |
| Southeast_Asia | Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Timor_Leste, Vietnam |
Each regional repository contains the following folders and subfolders:
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Seismic_Embodied_Carbon: This folder includes data on embodied carbon resulting from repair and reconstruction activities due to earthquake damage. It contains summaries of Average Annual Embodied Carbon (AAEC) for all countries in the region, and the embodied-carbon seismic risk map of the region;
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Replacement_Embodied_Carbon: This folder includes data on embodied carbon associated with replacing existing buildings with new constructions following destructive events. It covers material production (modules A1- A3) and construction (modules A4-A5) of new structures, as well as end-of-life processes (modules C1-C4) of existing damaged buildings.
The folder contains:
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components, including:
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carbon_class_mapping: A CSV file that maps the existing building types with carbon building classes of new constructions, reflecting whether a Built Back Better (BBB) approach is followed. If BBB is only partially adopted in some countries of the region, an additional CSV file (Region_Countries_BBB.csv) lists those specific countries
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structural: CSV files with quantities per built area and embodied carbon factors of key structural members
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nonstructural: CSV files with quantities per built area and embodied carbon factors of key nonstructural members
Each CSV file for structural and nonstructural components contains the following columns:
- NO: Sequential number of the component
- ITEM: Type of structural or nonstructural component
- QUANTITY: Quantity of component per built area (in square meters)
- QUANTITY_UNITS: Units for the quantity (e.g., cubic meters per square meter)
- EC: Embodied carbon factor (in kg of CO2e) per embodied carbon unit (below)
- EC_UNITS: Units for the embodied carbon factor (e.g., kg of CO2e per cubic meter of component)
- MF: Mass factor of component (in kg per quantity unit). This value is set to zero for components excluded from the total building mass calculation, where only structure and envelope are included)
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embodied_carbon_factors: The subfolder contains embodied carbon factors for various life-cycle modules (e.g., A1-A3, A4-A5, C1-C4) of different building types, distinguishing between structural and nonstructural components, as well as summaries of Replacement Embodied Carbon for each building type and country, and the embodied-carbon exposure map of the region.
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The methodology is described in some detail in the dedicated folder. For further details, refer to the Publications listed below.
The building classes defined herein follow the GEM Taxonomy v3.2 convention. Please refer to the GEM Taxonomy Glossary for additional details on taxonomy substrings and the Taxonomy_tables_v3.2.xlsx available here.
Please contact us at [email protected].
Martina Caruso, Vitor Silva, Karim Aljawhari, Al Mouayed Bellah Nafeh, Carmine Galasso. Unveiling the Environmental Impact of Earthquakes in Europe, 08 November 2024, PREPRINT (Version 1) available at Research Square [https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5283610/v1].
If you use the data or resources provided in this repository, please acknowledge the GEM Foundation as follows: Global Earthquake Model (GEM) Foundation. Global Embodied Carbon Model. Available at: https://github.com/gem/global_embodied_carbon_model/tree/main.
Users interested in the global embodied carbon model might find the following GEM Foundation products useful:
- Global Exposure Model
- Global Seismic Risk Map
- Global Seismic Hazard Map
- Global Vulnerability Model
- OpenQuake engine
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, which requires:
- Attribution (you must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made)
- Non-commercial (you may not use the material for commercial purposes)
- ShareAlike (derivatives created must be made available under the same license as the original)
If your use case deviates from the requirements of the offered license, but still want to explore the use of the data, please contact us at [email protected].
Any deviation from these terms incurs license infringement. For commercial use of the data contained within this work, a specific license agreement must be made tailored to your use case, in such instance please contact GEM at [email protected].
This model represents the best information that is publicly accessible. While undertaking to provide practical and accurate information, the authors assume no liability for, nor express or imply any warranty with regard to the information contained herein. Users of information expressed herein assume all liability arising from such use.