Add setuptools_scm
for dynamic zero-config Python versioning
#1690
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This removes the need for manually bumping versions in the Python bindings.
For the wheel uploads, the correct semver version is inferred in the case of tagged commits, which is exactly the case in GitHub CI.
The docs were updated to reflect the changes in the release workflow.
We also add a runtime-useable version, which is the best practice mentioned in the
setuptools_scm
docs, see https://setuptools-scm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/usage/#version-at-runtime.