Spring Profiles Project

The Spring Profiles project demonstates how you can setup a Spring Boot project that connects to a variety of backend databases (Relational and NoSQL). This uses the Profiles provided by the Spring Framework.

In this regard you can easily switch between backends when deploying the web application using a variety of mechanisms. The supported mechanisms are:

CommandLine arguments
Configuration file settings (.properties and .yaml)
Programmatic setup
JVM properties
System environment properties

With the exception of the programmatic setup, you can switch profiles easily without changing source code and re-compiling.

The supported backends used in this project are:

H2 database
MySQL database
PostgreSQL database
MongoDB database

You can extend this simple application to support any backend of your choice by implementing com.jipasoft.repository.UserRepository.

Quick Start

This section contains the pre-requisite to run the application, how to run the application and how to use some of the application features.

Live Demo

There is a live demo running on Heroku.

http://heroku.juliuskrah.com/

Note: This may take up to 120 seconds on first request.
Login: admin/admin

Deploy on Heroku

To deploy Spring Profiles on Heroku, click the button below:

Pre-requisite

Not much is needed to run this application. You only need two things:

Required

Git
JDK 8+

Optional

Getting the Project

Get the project from the source repository

git clone https://[email protected]/juliuskrah/spring-profiles.git

Running the Project

To run the project, first navigate into the source directory cd spring-profiles and execute mvnw.
When you execute the mvnw command, two things are happening here.

spring-boot:run: first it executes the Spring-Boot maven plugin
--spring.profiles.active=h2: second it starts the project with the h2 profile active; Passing it as commandline arguments

With this in mind, you don't have to worry about setting up a database. The application starts an undertow server instance on port 8080.

http://localhost:8080

Use the link above to access the application. The application is secured with Spring Security and you would be redirected to a login page http://localhost:8080/login

username: admin
password: admin

It's that easy.

Application Features

This section lists all the features of this application

Internationalization

file: src/main/java/com/jipasoft/config/Application.java

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.LocaleResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.CookieLocaleResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.LocaleChangeInterceptor;

public class Application extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
 	...
 	
 	@Bean
	public LocaleResolver localeResolver() {
		CookieLocaleResolver clr = new CookieLocaleResolver();
		clr.setDefaultLocale(Locale.US);
		return clr;
	}
 	
 	@Bean
	public LocaleChangeInterceptor localeChangeInterceptor() {
		LocaleChangeInterceptor lci = new LocaleChangeInterceptor();
		lci.setParamName("lang"); // The language will change with this request parameter
		return lci;
	}
	
	@Override
	public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
		registry.addInterceptor(localeChangeInterceptor());
	}
}

You tell Spring where to find the message sources for i18n
file: src/main/resources/config/application.yml

spring:
  messages:
    basename: i18n/messages

You define the messages with their keys and values
file: src/main/resources/i18n/messages.properties

...
user.add=Add user
user.update=Update user
user.login=Login
user.firstname=First name

This is used in Thymeleaf 3 leveraging it's i18n support
file: src/main/resources/templates/fragments/header.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>...</head>
  <body>
  ...
    <ul>
      <th:block sec:authorize="isAuthenticated()">
        <li>
          <a href="/logout" th:href="@{/logout}" th:text="#{home.logout}">Sign out</a>
        </li>
        <li>
          <a sec:authentication="name">Bob</a>
        </li>
        <li class="dropdown">
          <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true"
            aria-expanded="false">[[#{lang.name}]] <span class="caret"></span>
          </a>
          <ul class="dropdown-menu">
            <li role="presentation">
              <a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="?lang=en" th:text="#{lang.en}">en</a>
            </li>
            <li role="presentation">
              <a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="?lang=fr" th:text="#{lang.fr}">fr</a>
            </li>
          </ul>
        </li>
      </th:block>
    </ul>
  </body>
</html>

English

French

Error Handling

This project leverages Spring-Boot's error handler using convention over configuration
src\main\resources\templates\error\404.html

Bean Validation

This application uses JSR 303.
file: src/main/java/com/jipasoft/domain/dto/UserDTO.java

import java.time.ZonedDateTime;

import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import javax.validation.constraints.Pattern;
import javax.validation.constraints.Size;

import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Email;

public class UserDTO {
	private String id;

	@NotNull
	@Pattern(regexp = "^[a-z0-9]*$|(anonymousUser)")
	@Size(min = 1, max = 100)
	private String login;

	@NotNull
	@Size(min = 1, max = 60)
	private String password;

	@NotNull
	@Size(min = 1, max = 50)
	private String firstName;

	@NotNull
	@Size(min = 1, max = 50)
	private String lastName;

	@Email
	@NotNull
	@Size(min = 1, max = 100)
	private String email;

	@NotNull
	private boolean activated = false;

	@NotNull
	private String createdBy = "system";

	@NotNull
	private ZonedDateTime createdDate = ZonedDateTime.now();

	// Standard getters and setters
}

file: src/main/java/com/jipasoft/web/AccountController.java

import javax.validation.Valid;

import org.springframework.validation.Errors;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.RedirectAttributes;

import com.jipasoft.domain.dto.UserDTO;

public class AccountController {
	private static String ADD_USER_VIEW_NAME = "add_user";
	
	...
	 
	@PostMapping("add")
	public String add(@Valid @ModelAttribute UserDTO userDTO, Errors errors, RedirectAttributes ra) {
		if (errors.hasErrors()) {
			return ADD_USER_VIEW_NAME;
		}
		...

		return "redirect:/";
	}
}

User validation

Database Migration

The application makes use of database migration to track database changes. The migrations are split into two depending on which profile is active.

SQL Migration
NoSQL Migration

SQL Migration

The sql migration uses Liquibase.

file: src/main/java/com/jipasoft/config/Application.java

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import javax.inject.Inject;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.liquibase.LiquibaseProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import liquibase.integration.spring.SpringLiquibase;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigurationProperties(LiquibaseProperties.class)
public class Application {
	@Inject
	private LiquibaseProperties liquibaseProperties;
	...

	@Bean
	public SpringLiquibase liquibase(DataSource dataSource) {
		SpringLiquibase liquibase = new SpringLiquibase();
		liquibase.setDataSource(dataSource);
		liquibase.setChangeLog(liquibaseProperties.getChangeLog());
		liquibase.setContexts(liquibaseProperties.getContexts());
		liquibase.setDefaultSchema(liquibaseProperties.getDefaultSchema());
		liquibase.setDropFirst(liquibaseProperties.isDropFirst());
		liquibase.setShouldRun(liquibaseProperties.isEnabled());

		return liquibase;
	}
}

NoSQL Migration

The nosql migration uses MongoBee.

file: src/main/java/com/jipasoft/config/Application.java

import javax.inject.Inject;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import com.github.mongobee.Mongobee;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigurationProperties(LiquibaseProperties.class)
public class Application {
	@Inject
	private MongoProperties mongoProperties;
	...

	@Bean
	public Mongobee mongobee() {
		Mongobee mongobee = new Mongobee(mongo);
		mongobee.setDbName(mongoProperties.getDatabase());
		mongobee.setChangeLogsScanPackage("com.jipasoft.config.dbmigrations");
		mongobee.setEnabled(true);
		return mongobee;
	}
}

Runs on Multiple Database Platforms

The application can run on:

H2
PostgreSQL
MySQL
MongoDB

Continue reading to see how it is achieved.

Ajax

In building a web application, you may not always want rebuild the DOM to display changes to your end user. Sometimes you just want to pool your backend for tiny data to update the DOM. In this sample, I will build a table row with ajax using JQuery.

$.ajax({
  url : "user/find_all",
  success : function(response) {
    $("#delete").hide();
    $("tr:has(td)").remove();

    $.each(response,
      function(i, item) {
        $('<tr>').append(
          $('<td>').append(
            $('<a>').attr(
              {
                href : '#',
                onclick : "update('user/update/" + item.id + "')",
                'data-toggle' : 'modal',
                'data-target' : '#myModal'
              }
            ).text(item.login)),
          $('<td>').text(item.firstName),
          $('<td>').text(item.lastName),
          $('<td>').text(item.email),
          $('<td>').text(item.activated),
          $('<td>').text(item.createdBy),
          $('<td>').text(item.createdDate),
          $('<td>').append(
            $('<button>').attr(
              {
                onclick : "deleteUser('user/delete/" + item.id + "', this)"
              }).addClass('btn btn-danger glyphicon glyphicon-remove')
          )
        )
      .appendTo('tbody');
    });
  }
});

Technology Stack

Introduction

Spring Profiles provide a way to segregate parts of your application configuration and make it only available in certain environments. Any @Component or @Configuration can be marked with @Profile to limit when it is loaded:

file: src/main/java/com/jipasoft/config/H2Config.java

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;

import com.jipasoft.repository.h2.BaseRepositoryImpl;

@Configuration
@Profile("h2")
@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackageClasses = BaseRepositoryImpl.class)
public class H2Config {

}

The focus of this project is to demonstrate how to build a Spring application that runs on multiple database platforms. Profiles will be used in this project to segregate the various configurations. Each Database is configured to use a different persistence strategy. The RDBMS databases will use JPA and the NoSQL database will use Spring Data MongoDB. The database technologies targeted are:

All profiles implement the interfaces in com.jipasoft.repository package using different strategies. Another use for the profiles is to prevent conflicting bean definitions. With the profiles configured properly, not all beans will be loaded together. e.g.

file: src/main/java/com/jipasoft/repository/mysql/UserRepositoryImpl.java

import java.util.Optional;

import org.hibernate.Criteria;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.criterion.Restrictions;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.jipasoft.domain.User;
import com.jipasoft.repository.UserRepository;

@Repository
public class UserRepositoryImpl extends BaseRepositoryImpl<User, Integer> implements UserRepository {

	public UserRepositoryImpl() {
		super(User.class);
	}

	@Override
	public Optional<User> findOneByResetKey(String resetKey) {
		Session session = this.sessionFactory.get().getCurrentSession();
		Criteria criteria = session.createCriteria(User.class);
		criteria.add(Restrictions.like("resetKey", resetKey));
		return Optional.of((User) criteria.uniqueResult());
	}

	@Override
	public Optional<User> findOneByEmail(String email) {
		Session session = this.sessionFactory.get().getCurrentSession();
		Criteria criteria = session.createCriteria(User.class);
		criteria.add(Restrictions.like("email", email));
		return Optional.of((User) criteria.uniqueResult());
	}

	@Override
	public Optional<User> findOneByLogin(String login) {
		Session session = this.sessionFactory.get().getCurrentSession();
		Criteria criteria = session.createCriteria(User.class);
		criteria.add(Restrictions.like("login", login));
		return Optional.of((User) criteria.uniqueResult());
	}

}

The above bean of type com.jipasoft.repository.UserRepository gets loaded only if the mysql profile is active.

The following bean is also of type com.jipasoft.repository.UserRepository.

file: src/main/java/com/jipasoft/repository/postgres/UserRepositoryImpl.java

import java.util.Optional;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Query;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.jipasoft.domain.User;
import com.jipasoft.repository.UserRepository;

@Repository
public class UserRepositoryImpl extends BaseRepositoryImpl<User, Integer> implements UserRepository {

	public UserRepositoryImpl() {
		super(User.class);
	}

	@Override
	public Optional<User> findOneByResetKey(String resetKey) {
		Query query = this.em.createQuery("SELECT u FROM User u WHERE u.resetKey LIKE :resetKey");
		query.setParameter("resetKey", resetKey);
		return Optional.of((User) query.getSingleResult());
	}

	@Override
	public Optional<User> findOneByEmail(String email) {
		Query query = this.em.createQuery("SELECT u FROM User u WHERE u.email LIKE :email");
		query.setParameter("email", email);
		return Optional.of((User) query.getSingleResult());
	}

	@Override
	public Optional<User> findOneByLogin(String login) {
		Query query = this.em.createQuery("SELECT u FROM User u WHERE u.login LIKE :login");
		query.setParameter("login", login);
		return Optional.of((User) query.getSingleResult());
	}

}

This bean, if loaded together with the above bean of same type and name, it will cause a conflict. Thus this bean definition will only get loaded if the postgres profile is active.

H2

The H2 profile is the default profile for this application if no active profile is selected. This profile uses Spring Data JPA as an abstraction of the Hibernate JPA implementation.

MongoDB

This profile can be activated if you have MongoDB installed. To run with this profile:
mvnw spring-boot:run -Drun.arguments="--spring.profiles.active=mongo"

MySQL

This profile can be activated if you have MySQL installed. To run with this profile:
mvnw spring-boot:run -Drun.arguments="--spring.profiles.active=mysql"

PostgreSQL

This profile can be activated if you have PostgreSQL installed. To run with this profile:
mvnw spring-boot:run -Drun.arguments="--spring.profiles.active=postgres"

Heroku

This profile can be activated to deploy on Heroku. To enable the heroku profile:

file: Procfile

web: java -jar target/*.war --spring.profiles.active=heroku --server.port=$PORT

Aspect

The application is configured to send email to an administrator with this key: spring.user.email when an exception occurs. There are two ways to configure this. In order to avoid overflow of email to the administrator, we will create an asynchronous mail sender implementation:

file: src/main/java/com/jipasoft/task/AsyncMailSender.java

import org.springframework.mail.MailException;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;

public class AsyncMailSender extends JavaMailSenderImpl {

	@Async
	@Override
	public void send(SimpleMailMessage simpleMessage) throws MailException {
		super.send(simpleMessage);
	}

	@Async
	@Override
	public void send(SimpleMailMessage... simpleMessages) throws MailException {
		super.send(simpleMessages);
	}
}

Notice the @Async annotation on the send() methods. In order to activate them for spring, you would need to enable it with with @EnableAsync on a @configuration class:

file: src/main/java/com/jipasoft/config/AspectConfig.java

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;
import com.jipasoft.util.Profiles;

@Profile(Profiles.ASPECT)
@EnableAsync
@Configuration
public class AspectConfig {
	...
	
	@Bean
	public ThreadPoolTaskExecutor taskExecutor() {
		ThreadPoolTaskExecutor taskExecutor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
		taskExecutor.setCorePoolSize(5);
		taskExecutor.setMaxPoolSize(25);
		taskExecutor.setQueueCapacity(100);

		return taskExecutor;
	}
	
	...
}

From the above configuration you would notice the taskExecutor bean. For the @EnableAsync annotation to properly function, you need a taskExecutor bean for Asynchronous execution.

To get started with the aspect profile, set the spring.mail.username and spring.mail.password properties in the application-aspect.yml file. If your mail server is not Gmail, set and configure your spring.mail.host and spring.mail.port accordingly.

Method 1 (Using `BeanNameAutoProxyCreator`)

file: src/main/java/com/jipasoft/config/AspectConfig.java

import org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;

import com.jipasoft.task.AsyncMailSender;
import com.jipasoft.task.ExceptionInterceptor;

@EnableAsync
@Configuration
public class AspectConfig {
	...
	
	@Bean
	public JavaMailSender mailSender() {
		JavaMailSenderImpl sender = new AsyncMailSender();
		...
		return sender;
	}

	@Bean
	public ExceptionInterceptor exceptionInterceptor() {
		return new ExceptionInterceptor();
	}

	@Bean
	public BeanNameAutoProxyCreator autoProxyCreater() {
		BeanNameAutoProxyCreator autoProxyCreator = new BeanNameAutoProxyCreator();
		autoProxyCreator.setBeanNames("*Controller");
		autoProxyCreator.setInterceptorNames("exceptionInterceptor");

		return autoProxyCreator;
	}
}

We have our mailSender bean that is an asynchronous implementation of MailSender. The next bean configured is the exceptionInterceptor that intercepts calls on an interface on its way to the target. These are nested "on top" of the target. To put it all together, we have the autoProxyCreater bean of type BeanNameAutoProxyCreator. In this bean we are telling Spring to scan all bean names ending in *.Controller and setting the interceptor as the exceptionInterceptor bean created earlier.

Method 2 (Using `AspectJ`)

file: src/main/java/com/jipasoft/task/ExceptionAspect.java

import javax.inject.Inject;

import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.springframework.mail.MailSender;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Aspect
@Component
public class ExceptionAspect {

	@Inject
	private MailSender mailSender;
	

	@Pointcut("within(com.jipasoft.web..*)") // Proxy all methods in the controller classes
	public void mailingPointcut() {
	}

	@AfterThrowing(pointcut = "mailingPointcut()", throwing = "e")
	public void mailAfterThrowing(JoinPoint joinPoint, Throwable e) {
		// Application Logic
	}
}

Next we scan our Aspect class through ComponentScan in our configuration class.

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.EnableAspectJAutoProxy;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;

import com.jipasoft.util.Profiles;

@EnableAsync
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy
@Profile(Profiles.ASPECT)
@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackageClasses = ExceptionAspect.class)
public class AspectConfig {
	// Configured beans
}

Voila you are done 😄.

Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
Latest commit History 85 Commits
.mvn/wrapper		.mvn/wrapper
src		src
.gitignore		.gitignore
.travis.yml		.travis.yml
LICENSE		LICENSE
Procfile		Procfile
README.md		README.md
app.json		app.json
bitbucket-pipelines.yml		bitbucket-pipelines.yml
mvnw		mvnw
mvnw.cmd		mvnw.cmd
pom.xml		pom.xml
system.properties		system.properties

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Repository files navigation

Spring Profiles Project

Quick Start

Live Demo

Deploy on Heroku

Pre-requisite

Getting the Project

Running the Project

Application Features

Internationalization

Error Handling

Bean Validation

Database Migration

SQL Migration

NoSQL Migration

Runs on Multiple Database Platforms

Ajax

Technology Stack

Introduction

H2

MongoDB

MySQL

PostgreSQL

Heroku

Aspect

Method 1 (Using `BeanNameAutoProxyCreator`)

Method 2 (Using `AspectJ`)

About

Releases

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juliuskrah/spring-profiles

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Repository files navigation

Spring Profiles Project

Quick Start

Live Demo

Deploy on Heroku

Pre-requisite

Getting the Project

Running the Project

Application Features

Internationalization

Error Handling

Bean Validation

Database Migration

SQL Migration

NoSQL Migration

Runs on Multiple Database Platforms

Ajax

Technology Stack

Introduction

H2

MongoDB

MySQL

PostgreSQL

Heroku

Aspect

Method 1 (Using BeanNameAutoProxyCreator)

Method 2 (Using AspectJ)

About

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License

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Method 1 (Using `BeanNameAutoProxyCreator`)

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