[2.x] Switch to ESM imports

[jessarcher]

Carrying on from the PR at laravel/laravel#5895, this replaces require statements with import statements where possible in the JS resources in order to smooth the transition for Vite users.

Note that with Inertia there is one remaining dynamic require that does not have a replacement that works with webpack and Vite.

[driesvints]

Thanks @jessarcher