debuginfo: split method declaration and definition

When we're adding a method to a type DIE, we only want a DW_AT_declaration
there, because LLVM LTO can't unify type definitions when a child DIE is a
full subprogram definition. Now the subprogram definition gets added at the
CU level with a specification link back to the abstract declaration.

compiler/rustc_codegen_llvm/src/debuginfo/mod.rs

@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ impl<'ll, 'tcx> DebugInfoMethods<'tcx> for CodegenCx<'ll, 'tcx> {
         let tcx = self.tcx;
 
         let def_id = instance.def_id();
-        let containing_scope = get_containing_scope(self, instance);
+        let (containing_scope, is_method) = get_containing_scope(self, instance);
         let span = tcx.def_span(def_id);
         let loc = self.lookup_debug_loc(span.lo());
         let file_metadata = file_metadata(self, &loc.file);
@@ -378,8 +378,29 @@ impl<'ll, 'tcx> DebugInfoMethods<'tcx> for CodegenCx<'ll, 'tcx> {
             }
         }
 
-        unsafe {
-            return llvm::LLVMRustDIBuilderCreateFunction(
+        // When we're adding a method to a type DIE, we only want a DW_AT_declaration there, because
+        // LLVM LTO can't unify type definitions when a child DIE is a full subprogram definition.
+        // When we use this `decl` below, the subprogram definition gets created at the CU level
+        // with a DW_AT_specification pointing back to the type's declaration.
+        let decl = is_method.then(|| unsafe {
+            llvm::LLVMRustDIBuilderCreateMethod(
+                DIB(self),
+                containing_scope,
+                name.as_ptr().cast(),
+                name.len(),
+                linkage_name.as_ptr().cast(),
+                linkage_name.len(),
+                file_metadata,
+                loc.line,
+                function_type_metadata,
+                flags,
+                spflags & !DISPFlags::SPFlagDefinition,
+                template_parameters,
+            )
+        });
+
+        return unsafe {
+            llvm::LLVMRustDIBuilderCreateFunction(
                 DIB(self),
                 containing_scope,
                 name.as_ptr().cast(),
@@ -394,9 +415,9 @@ impl<'ll, 'tcx> DebugInfoMethods<'tcx> for CodegenCx<'ll, 'tcx> {
                 spflags,
                 maybe_definition_llfn,
                 template_parameters,
-                None,
-            );
-        }
+                decl,
+            )
+        };
 
         fn get_function_signature<'ll, 'tcx>(
             cx: &CodegenCx<'ll, 'tcx>,
@@ -493,14 +514,16 @@ impl<'ll, 'tcx> DebugInfoMethods<'tcx> for CodegenCx<'ll, 'tcx> {
             names
         }
 
+        /// Returns a scope, plus `true` if that's a type scope for "class" methods,
+        /// otherwise `false` for plain namespace scopes.
         fn get_containing_scope<'ll, 'tcx>(
             cx: &CodegenCx<'ll, 'tcx>,
             instance: Instance<'tcx>,
-        ) -> &'ll DIScope {
+        ) -> (&'ll DIScope, bool) {
             // First, let's see if this is a method within an inherent impl. Because
             // if yes, we want to make the result subroutine DIE a child of the
             // subroutine's self-type.
-            let self_type = cx.tcx.impl_of_method(instance.def_id()).and_then(|impl_def_id| {
+            if let Some(impl_def_id) = cx.tcx.impl_of_method(instance.def_id()) {
                 // If the method does *not* belong to a trait, proceed
                 if cx.tcx.trait_id_of_impl(impl_def_id).is_none() {
                     let impl_self_ty = cx.tcx.subst_and_normalize_erasing_regions(
@@ -511,39 +534,33 @@ impl<'ll, 'tcx> DebugInfoMethods<'tcx> for CodegenCx<'ll, 'tcx> {
 
                     // Only "class" methods are generally understood by LLVM,
                     // so avoid methods on other types (e.g., `<*mut T>::null`).
-                    match impl_self_ty.kind() {
-                        ty::Adt(def, ..) if !def.is_box() => {
-                            // Again, only create type information if full debuginfo is enabled
-                            if cx.sess().opts.debuginfo == DebugInfo::Full
-                                && !impl_self_ty.has_param()
-                            {
-                                Some(type_di_node(cx, impl_self_ty))
-                            } else {
-                                Some(namespace::item_namespace(cx, def.did()))
-                            }
+                    if let ty::Adt(def, ..) = impl_self_ty.kind() && !def.is_box() {
+                        // Again, only create type information if full debuginfo is enabled
+                        if cx.sess().opts.debuginfo == DebugInfo::Full && !impl_self_ty.has_param()
+                        {
+                            return (type_di_node(cx, impl_self_ty), true);
+                        } else {
+                            return (namespace::item_namespace(cx, def.did()), false);
                         }
-                        _ => None,
                     }
                 } else {
                     // For trait method impls we still use the "parallel namespace"
                     // strategy
-                    None
                 }
-            });
+            }
 
-            self_type.unwrap_or_else(|| {
-                namespace::item_namespace(
-                    cx,
-                    DefId {
-                        krate: instance.def_id().krate,
-                        index: cx
-                            .tcx
-                            .def_key(instance.def_id())
-                            .parent
-                            .expect("get_containing_scope: missing parent?"),
-                    },
-                )
-            })
+            let scope = namespace::item_namespace(
+                cx,
+                DefId {
+                    krate: instance.def_id().krate,
+                    index: cx
+                        .tcx
+                        .def_key(instance.def_id())
+                        .parent
+                        .expect("get_containing_scope: missing parent?"),
+                },
+            );
+            (scope, false)
         }
     }
 

compiler/rustc_codegen_llvm/src/llvm/ffi.rs

@@ -1987,6 +1987,21 @@ extern "C" {
         Decl: Option<&'a DIDescriptor>,
     ) -> &'a DISubprogram;
 
+    pub fn LLVMRustDIBuilderCreateMethod<'a>(
+        Builder: &DIBuilder<'a>,
+        Scope: &'a DIDescriptor,
+        Name: *const c_char,
+        NameLen: size_t,
+        LinkageName: *const c_char,
+        LinkageNameLen: size_t,
+        File: &'a DIFile,
+        LineNo: c_uint,
+        Ty: &'a DIType,
+        Flags: DIFlags,
+        SPFlags: DISPFlags,
+        TParam: &'a DIArray,
+    ) -> &'a DISubprogram;
+
     pub fn LLVMRustDIBuilderCreateBasicType<'a>(
         Builder: &DIBuilder<'a>,
         Name: *const c_char,

compiler/rustc_llvm/llvm-wrapper/RustWrapper.cpp

@@ -831,6 +831,28 @@ extern "C" LLVMMetadataRef LLVMRustDIBuilderCreateFunction(
   return wrap(Sub);
 }
 
+extern "C" LLVMMetadataRef LLVMRustDIBuilderCreateMethod(
+    LLVMRustDIBuilderRef Builder, LLVMMetadataRef Scope,
+    const char *Name, size_t NameLen,
+    const char *LinkageName, size_t LinkageNameLen,
+    LLVMMetadataRef File, unsigned LineNo,
+    LLVMMetadataRef Ty, LLVMRustDIFlags Flags,
+    LLVMRustDISPFlags SPFlags, LLVMMetadataRef TParam) {
+  DITemplateParameterArray TParams =
+      DITemplateParameterArray(unwrap<MDTuple>(TParam));
+  DISubprogram::DISPFlags llvmSPFlags = fromRust(SPFlags);
+  DINode::DIFlags llvmFlags = fromRust(Flags);
+  DISubprogram *Sub = Builder->createMethod(
+      unwrapDI<DIScope>(Scope),
+      StringRef(Name, NameLen),
+      StringRef(LinkageName, LinkageNameLen),
+      unwrapDI<DIFile>(File), LineNo,
+      unwrapDI<DISubroutineType>(Ty),
+      0, 0, nullptr, // VTable params aren't used
+      llvmFlags, llvmSPFlags, TParams);
+  return wrap(Sub);
+}
+
 extern "C" LLVMMetadataRef LLVMRustDIBuilderCreateBasicType(
     LLVMRustDIBuilderRef Builder, const char *Name, size_t NameLen,
     uint64_t SizeInBits, unsigned Encoding) {

tests/run-make/issue-109934-lto-debuginfo/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# ignore-cross-compile
+include ../tools.mk
+
+# With the upgrade to LLVM 16, this was getting:
+#
+#   error: Cannot represent a difference across sections
+#
+# The error stemmed from DI function definitions under type scopes, fixed by
+# only declaring in type scope and defining the subprogram elsewhere.
+
+all:
+	$(RUSTC) lib.rs --test -C lto=fat -C debuginfo=2 -C incremental=$(TMPDIR)/inc-fat

tests/run-make/issue-109934-lto-debuginfo/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+extern crate alloc;
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    #[test]
+    fn something_alloc() {
+        assert_eq!(Vec::<u32>::new(), Vec::<u32>::new());
+    }
+}