Include images into vite build process so urls are transformed correctly

[testower]

Summary

This moves images from public folder into src and uses imports to allow Vite to transform URLs. Note that some images are bundled into the transpiled code as data urls, since they are very small (most of the mode icons).

This PR would be a prerequisite for #5578 to work correctly with images.

Issue

#5330

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Comparison is base (df9e1e1) 67.35% compared to head (ea76def) 67.35%.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             dev-2.x    #5579   +/-   ##
==========================================
  Coverage      67.35%   67.35%           
  Complexity     16150    16150           
==========================================
  Files           1857     1857           
  Lines          71075    71075           
  Branches        7402     7402           
==========================================
  Hits           47872    47872           
  Misses         20745    20745           
  Partials        2458     2458           

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