.mtl files support for .obj files to render color in 3D custom geometry

src/webgl/loading.js

@@ -158,6 +158,57 @@ p5.prototype.loadModel = function(path,options) {
   model.gid = `${path}|${normalize}`;
   const self = this;
 
+  async function getMaterials(lines){
+    const parsedMaterialPromises=[];
+    const mtlPaths=[];
+    return new Promise(async (resolve,reject)=>{
+      for (let i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {
+        const mtllibMatch = lines[i].match(/^mtllib (.+)/);
+        if (mtllibMatch) {
+          let mtlPath='';
+          const mtlFilename = mtllibMatch[1];
+          const objPathParts = path.split('/');
+          if(objPathParts.length > 1){
+            objPathParts.pop();
+            const objFolderPath = objPathParts.join('/');
+            mtlPath = objFolderPath + '/' + mtlFilename;
+          }else{
+            mtlPath = mtlFilename;
+          }
+          try {
+            if(await fileExists(mtlPath)){
+              const parsedMaterialsIndividual = await parseMtl(self, mtlPath);
+              mtlPaths.push(mtlPath);
+              parsedMaterialPromises.push(parsedMaterialsIndividual);
+            }else{
+              console.warn('MTL file not found or error in parsing; proceeding without materials.');
+              resolve({});
+              return;
+            }
+          } catch (error){
+            console.warn('Error loading MTL file:', error);
+            resolve({});
+            return;
+          }
+        }
+      }try {
+        const parsedMaterials = await Promise.all(parsedMaterialPromises);
+        const materials=await Object.assign({}, ...parsedMaterials);
+        resolve (materials);
+      } catch (error) {
+        resolve({});
+      }
+
+    });
+  }
+  async function fileExists(url) {
+    try {
+      const response = await fetch(url, { method: 'HEAD' });
+      return response.ok;
+    } catch (error) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
   if (fileType.match(/\.stl$/i)) {
     this.httpDo(
       path,
@@ -188,31 +239,42 @@ p5.prototype.loadModel = function(path,options) {
   } else if (fileType.match(/\.obj$/i)) {
     this.loadStrings(
       path,
-      strings => {
-        parseObj(model, strings);
-
-        if (normalize) {
-          model.normalize();
-        }
-
-        if (flipU) {
-          model.flipU();
-        }
-
-        if (flipV) {
-          model.flipV();
+      async lines => {
+        try{
+          const parsedMaterials=await getMaterials(lines);
+
+          parseObj(model, lines, parsedMaterials);
+
+        }catch (error) {
+          console.error(error.message);
+          if (failureCallback) {
+            failureCallback(error);
+          } else {
+            p5._friendlyError('Error during parsing: ' + error.message);
+          }
+          return;
         }
+        finally{
+          if (normalize) {
+            model.normalize();
+          }
+          if (flipU) {
+            model.flipU();
+          }
+          if (flipV) {
+            model.flipV();
+          }
 
-        self._decrementPreload();
-        if (typeof successCallback === 'function') {
-          successCallback(model);
+          self._decrementPreload();
+          if (typeof successCallback === 'function') {
+            successCallback(model);
+          }
         }
       },
       failureCallback
     );
   } else {
     p5._friendlyFileLoadError(3, path);
-
     if (failureCallback) {
       failureCallback();
     } else {
@@ -224,6 +286,52 @@ p5.prototype.loadModel = function(path,options) {
   return model;
 };
 
+function parseMtl(p5,mtlPath){
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject)=>{
+    let currentMaterial = null;
+    let materials= {};
+    p5.loadStrings(
+      mtlPath,
+      lines => {
+        for (let line = 0; line < lines.length; ++line){
+          const tokens = lines[line].trim().split(/\s+/);
+          if(tokens[0] === 'newmtl') {
+            const materialName = tokens[1];
+            currentMaterial = materialName;
+            materials[currentMaterial] = {};
+          }else if (tokens[0] === 'Kd'){
+          //Diffuse color
+            materials[currentMaterial].diffuseColor = [
+              parseFloat(tokens[1]),
+              parseFloat(tokens[2]),
+              parseFloat(tokens[3])
+            ];
+          } else if (tokens[0] === 'Ka'){
+          //Ambient Color
+            materials[currentMaterial].ambientColor = [
+              parseFloat(tokens[1]),
+              parseFloat(tokens[2]),
+              parseFloat(tokens[3])
+            ];
+          }else if (tokens[0] === 'Ks'){
+          //Specular color
+            materials[currentMaterial].specularColor = [
+              parseFloat(tokens[1]),
+              parseFloat(tokens[2]),
+              parseFloat(tokens[3])
+            ];
+
+          }else if (tokens[0] === 'map_Kd') {
+          //Texture path
+            materials[currentMaterial].texturePath = tokens[1];
+          }
+        }
+        resolve(materials);
+      },reject
+    );
+  });
+}
+
 /**
  * Parse OBJ lines into model. For reference, this is what a simple model of a
  * square might look like:
@@ -235,7 +343,7 @@ p5.prototype.loadModel = function(path,options) {
  *
  * f 4 3 2 1
  */
-function parseObj(model, lines) {
+function parseObj(model, lines, materials= {}) {
   // OBJ allows a face to specify an index for a vertex (in the above example),
   // but it also allows you to specify a custom combination of vertex, UV
   // coordinate, and vertex normal. So, "3/4/3" would mean, "use vertex 3 with
@@ -250,16 +358,25 @@ function parseObj(model, lines) {
     vt: [],
     vn: []
   };
-  const indexedVerts = {};
 
+
+  // Map from source index → Map of material → destination index
+  const usedVerts = {}; // Track colored vertices
+  let currentMaterial = null;
+  const coloredVerts = new Set(); //unique vertices with color
+  let hasColoredVertices = false;
+  let hasColorlessVertices = false;
   for (let line = 0; line < lines.length; ++line) {
     // Each line is a separate object (vertex, face, vertex normal, etc)
     // For each line, split it into tokens on whitespace. The first token
     // describes the type.
     const tokens = lines[line].trim().split(/\b\s+/);
 
     if (tokens.length > 0) {
-      if (tokens[0] === 'v' || tokens[0] === 'vn') {
+      if (tokens[0] === 'usemtl') {
+        // Switch to a new material
+        currentMaterial = tokens[1];
+      }else if (tokens[0] === 'v' || tokens[0] === 'vn') {
         // Check if this line describes a vertex or vertex normal.
         // It will have three numeric parameters.
         const vertex = new p5.Vector(
@@ -280,40 +397,44 @@ function parseObj(model, lines) {
         // OBJ faces can have more than three points. Triangulate points.
         for (let tri = 3; tri < tokens.length; ++tri) {
           const face = [];
-
           const vertexTokens = [1, tri - 1, tri];
 
           for (let tokenInd = 0; tokenInd < vertexTokens.length; ++tokenInd) {
             // Now, convert the given token into an index
             const vertString = tokens[vertexTokens[tokenInd]];
-            let vertIndex = 0;
+            let vertParts=vertString.split('/');
 
             // TODO: Faces can technically use negative numbers to refer to the
             // previous nth vertex. I haven't seen this used in practice, but
             // it might be good to implement this in the future.
 
-            if (indexedVerts[vertString] !== undefined) {
-              vertIndex = indexedVerts[vertString];
-            } else {
-              const vertParts = vertString.split('/');
-              for (let i = 0; i < vertParts.length; i++) {
-                vertParts[i] = parseInt(vertParts[i]) - 1;
-              }
+            for (let i = 0; i < vertParts.length; i++) {
+              vertParts[i] = parseInt(vertParts[i]) - 1;
+            }
 
-              vertIndex = indexedVerts[vertString] = model.vertices.length;
-              model.vertices.push(loadedVerts.v[vertParts[0]].copy());
-              if (loadedVerts.vt[vertParts[1]]) {
-                model.uvs.push(loadedVerts.vt[vertParts[1]].slice());
-              } else {
-                model.uvs.push([0, 0]);
-              }
+            if (!usedVerts[vertParts[0]]) {
+              usedVerts[vertParts[0]] = {};
+            }
 
-              if (loadedVerts.vn[vertParts[2]]) {
-                model.vertexNormals.push(loadedVerts.vn[vertParts[2]].copy());
+            if (usedVerts[vertParts[0]][currentMaterial] === undefined) {
+              const vertIndex = model.vertices.length;
+              model.vertices.push(loadedVerts.v[vertParts[0]].copy());
+              model.uvs.push(loadedVerts.vt[vertParts[1]] ?
+                loadedVerts.vt[vertParts[1]].slice() : [0, 0]);
+              model.vertexNormals.push(loadedVerts.vn[vertParts[2]] ?
+                loadedVerts.vn[vertParts[2]].copy() : new p5.Vector());
+
+              usedVerts[vertParts[0]][currentMaterial] = vertIndex;
+              face.push(vertIndex);
+              if (currentMaterial
+                && materials[currentMaterial]
+                && materials[currentMaterial].diffuseColor) {
+                // Mark this vertex as colored
+                coloredVerts.add(loadedVerts.v[vertParts[0]]); //since a set would only push unique values
               }
+            } else {
+              face.push(usedVerts[vertParts[0]][currentMaterial]);
             }
-
-            face.push(vertIndex);
           }
 
           if (
@@ -322,6 +443,23 @@ function parseObj(model, lines) {
             face[1] !== face[2]
           ) {
             model.faces.push(face);
+            //same material for all vertices in a particular face
+            if (currentMaterial
+              && materials[currentMaterial]
+              && materials[currentMaterial].diffuseColor) {
+              hasColoredVertices=true;
+              //flag to track color or no color model
+              hasColoredVertices = true;
+              const materialDiffuseColor =
+              materials[currentMaterial].diffuseColor;
+              for (let i = 0; i < face.length; i++) {
+                model.vertexColors.push(materialDiffuseColor[0]);
+                model.vertexColors.push(materialDiffuseColor[1]);
+                model.vertexColors.push(materialDiffuseColor[2]);
+              }
+            }else{
+              hasColorlessVertices=true;
+            }
           }
         }
       }
@@ -331,7 +469,10 @@ function parseObj(model, lines) {
   if (model.vertexNormals.length === 0) {
     model.computeNormals();
   }
-
+  if (hasColoredVertices === hasColorlessVertices) {
+    // If both are true or both are false, throw an error because the model is inconsistent
+    throw new Error('Model coloring is inconsistent. Either all vertices should have colors or none should.');
+  }
   return model;
 }
 

test/unit/assets/cube.obj

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Simple Cube OBJ File
+
+# Vertices
+v  0.0  0.0  0.0
+v  1.0  0.0  0.0
+v  1.0  1.0  0.0
+v  0.0  1.0  0.0
+v  0.0  0.0  1.0
+v  1.0  0.0  1.0
+v  1.0  1.0  1.0
+v  0.0  1.0  1.0
+
+# Faces
+f  1 2 3 4
+f  5 6 7 8
+f  1 5 8 4
+f  2 6 7 3
+f  4 3 7 8
+f  1 2 6 5

test/unit/assets/eg1.mtl

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+newmtl coloredMaterial
+Ns 96.078431
+Ka 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000
+Kd 1.000000 0.000000 0.000000 # Only this material has a diffuse color
+Ks 0.500000 0.500000 0.500000
+Ke 0.0 0.0 0.0
+Ni 1.000000
+d 1.000000
+illum 2

test/unit/assets/eg1.obj

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+mtllib eg1.mtl
+
+v 0 0 0
+v 1 0 0
+v 1 1 0
+v 0 1 0
+v 0.5 0.5 1
+
+# Define faces without material
+f 1 2 5
+f 2 3 5
+
+# Apply material to subsequent faces
+usemtl coloredMaterial
+f 1 4 5
+f 4 1 5

test/unit/assets/objMtlMissing.obj

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+mtllib octa.mtl
+v 1 0 0
+v 0 1 0
+v 0 0 1
+v -1 0 0
+v 0 -1 0
+v 0 0 -1
+usemtl m000001
+f 1 5 6
+usemtl m003627
+f 2 1 6
+usemtl m010778
+f 1 2 3
+usemtl m012003
+f 4 2 6
+usemtl m019240
+f 4 5 3
+usemtl m021392
+f 5 4 6
+usemtl m022299
+f 2 4 3
+usemtl m032767
+f 5 1 3