docs(docker): rewrite using short-lived access tokens

[HonkingGoose]

Changes

• Rewrite the section Using short-lived access token / GitLab CI/ Google Cloud
• Use lists
• Write shorter sentences
• Use simpler words
• Add headings

Context

I wanted to add more headings in this PR, but that was out of scope.

• docs(docker): add ghworkflows example for GAR with Workload Identity #30692

So once we merge the PR above, we can review my PR.

Documentation (please check one with an [x])

• I have updated the documentation, or
• No documentation update is required

How I've tested my work (please select one)

I have verified these changes via:

• Code inspection only, or
• Newly added/modified unit tests, or
• No unit tests but ran on a real repository, or
• Both unit tests + ran on a real repository

[renovate-release]

🎉 This issue has been resolved in version 38.55.0 🎉

The release is available on:

• GitHub release
• npm package (@latest dist-tag)
• 38.55.0

Your semantic-release bot 📦🚀