feat(binder): align type cast-ability with pg

[xiangjinwu]

What's changed and what's your intention?

• cast_ok checks type cast-ability for all 13 types we support so far in a pg-compatible way (See build_cast_map and test_cast_ok for details). It is also aware of cast context.
• Binder::find_compat -> least_restrictive
  • Better refactoring of the call site is possible, to work on a collection of types rather than 2. Will be handled separately.
• ensure_type -> cast_{implicit,assign,explicit} or FunctionCall::new_cast
  • FunctionCall::new_with_return_type should not be abused to bypass infer_type. It will be deprecated in a later PR.

Checklist

• I have written necessary docs and comments
• I have added necessary unit tests and integration tests

Refer to a related PR or issue link (optional)

[CLAassistant]

All committers have signed the CLA.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #1759 (98614e8) into main (30056b6) will increase coverage by 0.08%.
The diff coverage is 97.47%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #1759      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   71.12%   71.21%   +0.08%     
==========================================
  Files         604      604              
  Lines       78094    78261     +167     
==========================================
+ Hits        55546    55734     +188     
+ Misses      22548    22527      -21     

Flag	Coverage Δ
rust	71.21% <97.47%> (+0.08%)	⬆️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
src/common/src/types/mod.rs	63.70% <ø> (+1.01%)	⬆️
src/frontend/src/expr/function_call.rs	95.41% <73.68%> (-3.69%)	⬇️
src/frontend/src/expr/type_inference.rs	96.14% <99.45%> (+2.07%)	⬆️
src/frontend/src/binder/expr/function.rs	91.52% <100.00%> (+0.45%)	⬆️
src/frontend/src/binder/expr/mod.rs	78.62% <100.00%> (-0.51%)	⬇️
src/frontend/src/binder/values.rs	97.10% <100.00%> (+8.49%)	⬆️
src/frontend/src/expr/mod.rs	90.37% <100.00%> (-0.15%)	⬇️
...rc/frontend/src/optimizer/plan_node/logical_agg.rs	97.49% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
src/common/src/types/ordered_float.rs	23.70% <0.00%> (+0.19%)	⬆️
... and 3 more

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[BugenZhao]

Rest LGTM. Great job!