Disable inlining for transformed data

[WardBrian]

This is related to #1097. The 0-size objects created by the function inliner fail in transformed data at runtime. The error looks like:

 stan/lib/stan_math/lib/eigen_3.3.9/Eigen/src/Core/DenseBase.h:256: void Eigen::DenseBase<Derived>::resize(Eigen::Index, Eigen::Index) [with Derived = Eigen::Map<Eigen::Matrix<double, -1, -1> >; Eigen::Index = long int]: Assertion `rows == this->rows() && cols == this->cols() && "DenseBase::resize() does not actually allow to resize."' failed.
Aborted (core dumped)

For now this PR simply disables the function inliner in the prepare_data section. @SteveBronder might have a more clever fix, but this is low priority since optimizing transformed data is less useful than most of the rest of the model which gets called repeatedly.

I added a test test/integration/good/compiler-optimizations/inline-tdata.stan, but since the failure is at runtime we should really put this in something used by performance-tests-cmdstan (@rok-cesnovar). I've confirmed locally that the model fails against master but works after this PR.

Submission Checklist

• Run unit tests
• Documentation
  • OR, no user-facing changes were made

Release notes

Function in-lining fails at runtime in transformed data and has been disabled in that block for now.

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