Add -Zstack-protector test for Windows targets

[wesleywiser]

Add variants of the stack-protector-heuristics-effect.rs test for 32-bit and 64-bit MSVC Windows and update the original test to run on GNU Windows targets.

I added two tests instead of trying to modify the original because:

• MSVC uses a different function name (__security_check_cookie to perform the test rather than doing the test inline and calling __stack_chk_fail).
• LLVM's stack protection pass doesn't currently support generating checks for frames with funclet based EH personality.
• 32-bit Windows uses classic EH while 64-bit Windows uses table-based EH which results in slightly different codegen.

CI run with test passing on {i686,x86_64}-{msvc,mingw}

[wesleywiser]

r? @cuviper
cc @rust-lang/project-exploit-mitigations for visibility 🙂

[rcvalle]

LGTM. Thank you for your time and for working on this, @wesleywiser! Much appreciated.

[cuviper]

@bors r+

[bors]

📌 Commit 316c9a9 has been approved by cuviper

It is now in the queue for this repository.

[bors]

⌛ Testing commit 316c9a9 with merge a01382d...

[bors]

☀️ Test successful - checks-actions
Approved by: cuviper
Pushing a01382d to master...

[rust-timer]

Finished benchmarking commit (a01382d): comparison URL.

Overall result: no relevant changes - no action needed

@rustbot label: -perf-regression

Instruction count

This benchmark run did not return any relevant results for this metric.

Max RSS (memory usage)

Results

This is a less reliable metric that may be of interest but was not used to determine the overall result at the top of this comment.

	mean	range	count
Regressions ❌ (primary)	-	-	0
Regressions ❌ (secondary)	2.2%	[2.2%, 2.2%]	1
Improvements ✅ (primary)	-	-	0
Improvements ✅ (secondary)	-	-	0
All ❌✅ (primary)	-	-	0

Cycles

This benchmark run did not return any relevant results for this metric.

Binary size

This benchmark run did not return any relevant results for this metric.

Bootstrap: 630.37s -> 629.346s (-0.16%)
Artifact size: 303.99 MiB -> 303.99 MiB (0.00%)